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Raised white enamel in the spandrels. The counter-enamel is cloudy dark brownish-black."}],"note":[{"value":"in blue, green, yellow, pink, flesh- pink, orange-red, stone, brown, black, and white enamels"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-28662","uid":"adlib-term-28662","uuid":"dd47e505-ccda-3f2b-b576-6104109430e8"},"summary_title":"enamelling"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-28681","uid":"adlib-term-28681","uuid":"c1f659e2-1209-31cf-8ff4-154e11452559"},"summary_title":"gilding"}}]},{"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-39588","uid":"adlib-term-39588","uuid":"b17ff981-06b2-30a2-b9a9-b514fe84a191"},"summary_title":"copper"}}],"name":"Plaque"},{"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"11.2"},{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"8.1"}]},"name":"Centre"},{"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"11.6"}]},"name":"Left Edge"},{"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"9"}]},"name":"Top"}],"content":{"motifs":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107707","uid":"adlib-term-107707","uuid":"cbae1ed2-5069-35db-a029-700dc23ada11"},"summary_title":"Christian religion"}]},"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"rectangular copper plaque painted in enamels and gilded. St Eleonor holding a palm, in an oval medallion titled below in two panels 'SAINTE' 'ELEONOR'; raised white foliage reserved in a black ground in the spandrels"},{"value":"Rectangular copper plaque with slightly waisted sides and a hole at top centre and at bottom centre, enamelled in  blue, green, yellow, pink, flesh- pink, orange-red, stone, brown, black, and white, and gilded. The counter-enamel is cloudy dark brownish-black.\nAn oval medallion with a white border encloses a full-length seated figure of St Eleonor holding a green palm in her left hand, and resting her right hand on her breast. She has black and red jewels in her hair, and wears a red long-sleeved dress highlighted in pink, a white collar with red stripes, and a brooch at centre front, and a blue ermine-lined cloak sem\\'e9 with gold fleurs-de-lys. To her left there is a chest covered by a white cloth decorated with fleur-de-lys, on which rests a crown and sceptre. Behind her is a stone-coloured wall and a black background. The black spandrels outside the frame are decorated in raised white with stylized foliage. Two narrow white panels at the bottom of the plaque are inscribed in black,'SAINTE ELEONOR'.  Signed on the reverse in gold: 'B.TE. NOVAILHER.\/ EMAILIEVR\/A. LIMOGES'  followed by a flourish."}],"exhibitions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"exhibition-2107","uid":"adlib-exhibition-2107","uuid":"07086265-735b-3fd0-90c6-7b1c4f93cb94"},"summary_title":"Fitzwilliam Museum, McClean Bequest, Catalogue of the Mediaeval Ivories, Enamels, Jewellery, Gems and Miscellaneous Objects Bequeathed to the Museum By Frank McClean, M.A., F.R.S."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.47-1904","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.47-1904"},{"priref":"156433","type":"priref","value":"156433"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/156433","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/156433"}],"inscription":[{"location":"on front of plaque at the bottom","method":"painted in black","transcription":[{"value":"SAINTE.\u2019 \u2018ELEONOR."}],"type":"inscription"},{"description":[{"value":"the TE is raised and smaller"}],"location":"on back","method":"painted in gold","transcription":[{"value":"B.TE. NOVAILHER.\/EMAILIEVR\/A. LIMOGES\u2019 followed by a flourish"}],"type":"signature"},{"location":"on back","method":"handwritten in black","transcription":[{"value":"PN and P     \/Sl"}],"type":"inscription"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Frank McClean Bequest"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-172414","uid":"adlib-agent-172414","uuid":"73d94f64-8c0d-30c1-9764-25b005f3ce1d"},"summary_title":"McClean, Frank"}],"date":[{"earliest":1904,"latest":1904,"value":"1904"}],"method":{"value":"bequeathed"},"note":[{"value":"Frank McClean died in Brussels on 8 November 1904"}]}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1730,"from":{"earliest":1730,"era":["CE"],"latest":1730,"precision":"circa","value":"1730"},"latest":1760,"range":true,"to":{"earliest":1760,"era":["CE"],"latest":1760,"value":"1760"}}],"maker":[{"@link":{"role":[{"value":"maker"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-178513","uid":"adlib-agent-178513","uuid":"375dcc28-c8d4-3d54-80d2-91bdb3455524"},"summary_title":"Nouailher, Jean-Baptiste I"}],"note":[{"value":"By the end of the seventeenth century demand for Limoges enamelled tableware had declined, and in the early eighteenth century the few remaining enamellers produced mainly small items, such as snuff rasp covers, plaques for purses, and drinking cups. In contrast, the enforcement of Roman catholicism by Louis XIV ensured that there was a continuing demand for religious images, and small rectangular plaques of Christ, the Virgin Mary, or Saints formed a high proportion of the enamellers' trade. Some of these were attached to the fabric covers of religious books, and others were framed singly, or in small groups for private devotions. The three eighteenth-century plaques in the Fitzwilliam's collection are all decorated with images of Saints who were connected with the Fransiscan Order. \n\nSt El\u00e9onore (Eleanor) daughter of count Raimondo-Berengar V of Provence, and sister-in-law of St Louis, was married to Henry III of England in 1236. She was a devoted and ambitious mother, and a loyal supporter of her husband during the political troubles of the 1250s and 60s. Henry died in 1272 but it was not until 1286 that Eleonor took the veil at Amesbury Priory in Wiltshire, a daughter house of Fontevrault in France. She died at Amesbury on 24 June 1291, and was buried there. Her heart was taken to London to be buried in the church of the Fransiscans, the order which she particularly favoured, and had provided her spiritual advisers. Her acts of piety including the founding of a Dominican priory at Guildford, and benefactions  to the hospital of St Katharine by the Tower, and the Cistercian nunnery of Tarrant in Dorset. Her granddaughter Beatrice, who took the veil at Amesbury shortly before she did, later became Abbess of Fontevrault. The cult of St El\u00e9onore developed unofficially and she has not been canonized. \n\nThe bright colouring contrasting with a black ground is typical of mid eighteenth-century enamels, as is the raised white decoration in the corners. The reverse of the plaque has very dark brown counter-enamel which is also characteristic of eighteenth-century enamels. The plaque was probably produced by Jean-Baptiste Nouailher I, son of Pierre Nouailher (probably the elder of two brothers with the same name), and Anne Faulte, who was baptised in the Parish of Saint-Pierre en Saint-Etienne, on 26 May 1697 and died in 1775, rather than Jean-Baptiste Nouailher II (baptised 1732-1804).  When signing his work Jean-Baptiste Nouailher I dropped his first Christian name  or abbreviated it to Bte or BTE, and wrote his second in full, as on the reverse of this plaque."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106451","uid":"adlib-term-106451","uuid":"9cdfd62c-ee07-3884-ae08-c797aad08631"},"summary_title":"18th Century, Mid"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-15538","uid":"adlib-term-15538","uuid":"e4001da7-ed48-3271-a6fb-c7f54095a1ad"},"summary_title":"Louis XV"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-15498","uid":"adlib-term-15498","uuid":"61725bf5-360f-3837-8aab-3c90b956a537"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"France"}],"summary_title":"France","type":"country"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Haute Vienne"}],"summary_title":"Haute 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Lawrence, FSA (1819-91), 84 Holland Park, London;  sold Christie\u2019s, 4-6 May 1892, second day, first part of lot 168; Frank McClean, MA, FRS (1837\u20131904), Rusthall House, Tunbridge Wells; bequeathed by him."}],"objects":[{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-156434","uid":"adlib-object-156434","uuid":"6b4848b6-c84d-3682-90b5-0185bd230b80"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-107484","uid":"adlib-term-107484","uuid":"935e21d3-0b7f-3ca6-9987-b79c82e054fd"},"summary_title":"plaque"}},"summary_title":"plaque"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-156432","uid":"adlib-object-156432","uuid":"5e825690-10f0-33ed-a6e0-2dbb0eb47e3d"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-107484","uid":"adlib-term-107484","uuid":"935e21d3-0b7f-3ca6-9987-b79c82e054fd"},"summary_title":"plaque"}},"summary_title":"plaque"}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ., p. 115, no. 73","page":"115","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-4060","uid":"adlib-publication-4060","uuid":"0f6d91a4-87ab-338c-b868-7d56c66bc250"},"summary_title":"Fitzwilliam Museum, McClean Bequest, Catalogue of the Mediaeval Ivories, Enamels, Jewellery, Gems and Miscellaneous Objects Bequeathed to the Museum by Frank McClean, M.A., F.R.S."},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-6952","uid":"adlib-publication-6952","uuid":"1b9f57bb-99fd-39ea-9da6-da0a17e91052"},"summary_title":"Eleanor of Provence: queenship in thirteenth century England"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. 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