1592970439000 1312637261000 Standard Record object-79589 1756836093015 1756820443000 1756836091215 adlib fitz-online adlib-object-79589 https://data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/id/object/79589 43093897-a7fc-378f-a268-3572433e298d 11 person reference agent-160374 adlib-agent-160374 2b38ae2f-690b-3048-b9c7-0da25326ee3f Hero person reference agent-160373 adlib-agent-160373 0aaecf15-ba8b-3924-a7a8-65784d378975 Leander person reference agent-150796 adlib-agent-150796 ec5a0c8a-e54c-3735-adea-0fd5dd14f994 Cupid reference term-108348 adlib-term-108348 667e7a19-db33-3d85-bd9b-c2dafd8e02ff tin-glazed earthenware reference term-42865 adlib-term-42865 92be1d50-bb1c-3472-950f-b140ee6cdde9 maiolica blue, greyish-green, yellow, orange, shades of brown, and black; the reverse is pale beige reference term-108364 adlib-term-108364 115b8729-a560-35c1-b654-4b9d2fc5f68b high-temperature colours reference term-39575 adlib-term-39575 cdf6707a-1eeb-3622-a26b-6e54f1f8d4ab tin-glaze Decoration reference term-1111 adlib-term-1111 46c949dd-f376-3538-878f-397baee5be09 mythology Applied Arts Earthenware, tin-glazed, painted in blue, greyish-green, yellow, orange, shades of brown, and black; the reverse is pale beige and has several pin holes. Circular with wide sloping rim and shallow curved well, convex in the centre. The front is decorated overall with the Suicide of Hero. In the foreground, Leander lies drowned in the Hellespont. On the right, a man seated on a rock looks towards him, raising his right arm. On the left, Cupid stands holding a flaming torch. In the background there is an archway inscribed 'AMOR.NE. CAVSA' (Love is the cause of it), the lower part of a tower, and a doorway with a window above. Hero is shown throwing herself from a window in the tower. The edge is encircled by a very narrow black band and a wide yellow band. The back is decorated with a wreath of blue leaves on a continuous wavy stem. The base is inscribed in blue, 'Leandro in Mare &./Hero alla finestra/.61./.S. C.21-1995 1 accession number C.21-1995 79589 priref 79589 uri https://data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/id/object/79589 https://data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/id/object/79589 on arch painted AMOR.NE.CAVSA inscription on base painted Leandro in Mare &./Hero alla finestra/.61./.S. inscription reference agent-149638 adlib-agent-149638 7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8 The Fitzwilliam Museum Purchased with the F. Leverton Harris Fund and the Leonard D. Cunliffe Fund 1995 1995 1995 bought Entry date: 1995 1561 CE 1561 dated '61' dated 1561 painter reference agent-160372 adlib-agent-160372 02812d23-6ab3-39e0-a4c3-f8e746eed805 Sforza di Marcantonio printmaker reference agent-97017 adlib-agent-97017 50d126f7-214f-3e19-b339-bffa736d939b Veneziano, Agostino printmaker reference agent-35821 adlib-agent-35821 7864b6fe-8b62-333d-b6ff-dcc5decb8942 Dente, Marco (Marco da Ravenna) During the second and third decades of the sixteenth century the maiolica industry in Pesaro was less flourishing than in the previous century. This situation improved after Guidobaldo II della Rovere succeeded to the dukedom of Urbino in 1538, because he preferred to live at Pesaro. The presence of the court stimulated local industries, and from around 1540 Pesaro became a significant producer of istoriato maiolica, that is, painted with narrative scenes. Hero was a priestess of Venus at Sestos. Leander, her lover, used to swim the Hellespont to see her, guided by a torch which she held up from the window of a high tower. One night in winter, when Hero had begged him to come despite the inclement weather, he was drowned, and she committed suicide by throwing herself from the tower. The lovers were mentioned in Ovid's Heroides, 18 and 19. Sforza di Marcantonio da Casteldurante was recorded as a potter, and sometimes also as a painter in documents in Pesaro between in 1550 and 1552, and almost every year from 1563 until 1580, when he made his will on 17 November, and probably died shortly after. He signed himself 'SFORZA' on two panels dated 1567, respectively in the British Museum and the Museo Civico Medievale, Bologna. Dishes signed '.S.' in 1561, as this one is, and in some years up to and including 1576, are attributed to him on the basis of similarities with these panels. Sforza's choice of subjects, iconography, and inscriptions suggest that during the late 1530s he had been contact with the Urbino maiolica painter, Francesco Xanto, whose latest signed works are dated in 1542. Several of Sforza's designs closely follow those on plates by Xanto, who painted several dishes with versions of 'Hero and Leander' between 1532 and 1538. Xanto probably knew the story from a translation of Ovid's Heroides, but on the backs of the dishes he quoted from Francesco Petrarch's Trionfi, III, 21 'Leandro in mare ed Hero a la fenestra' (or Trionfi, II in editions with commentary by Bernardo Ilicini, first published in 1475). The first dish decorated with this subject which is attributed to Sforza was painted in 1546 (Christie's, 25 May 1962, lot 110); the latest, in the Herzog Anton Ulrich-Museum, Braunschweig, is dated 1576, and initialled '.S.' Both, like the Fitzwilliam's dish, have an inscription from Petrarch, and the figure of Leander used by Xanto, which was taken from a Marcantonio Raimondi school print, known as the 'Battle with the Cutlass' by Marco Dente (Bartsch, XIV, p 171, no. 211), or Agostino da Veneziano. The three dishes illustrate the persistence of popular themes over a long period, the influence of an outstanding maiolica painter on another, and the repetitive nature of much maiolica painting. reference term-106602 adlib-term-106602 bbb4c00f-eefa-3d64-9441-7a75aa07736e 16th Century reference term-10618 adlib-term-10618 9ebc0ae1-8cf8-312b-832c-9cf44da02136 Renaissance reference term-113179 adlib-term-113179 e74d25a1-07c3-3a30-b91b-004673211ee5 literal Italy Italy country literal The Marches The Marches region Pesaro reference term-42861 adlib-term-42861 5b368285-f1a8-3dcf-a5b2-637fd3c3956c earthenware Diameter cm 30 Height cm 4.2 reference media-52825 adlib-media-52825 f29d9a81-9e93-3fdd-9406-554647e4635c jpeg aa/aa19/C_21_1995.jpg 1 height pixels 760 width pixels 748 1742584149739 1 image jpeg aa/aa19/mid_C_21_1995.jpg 1 height pixels 508 width pixels 500 1742584149739 1 image jpeg aa/aa19/C_21_1995.jpg 1 height pixels 760 width pixels 748 1742584149739 1 image jpeg aa/aa19/preview_C_21_1995.jpg 1 height pixels 254 width pixels 250 1742584149739 1 image 0 media image reference term-90855 adlib-term-90855 b48207ec-774d-3e3e-8ab3-536996bc5dac dish history note Purchased. Given to the vendor's husband by his mother, who bought it an antique shop. reference agent-149638 adlib-agent-149638 7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8 The Fitzwilliam Museum Publ. Front cover, text p. 17 p. 17 reference publication-656 adlib-publication-656 e34cd340-f467-31dd-b9f5-160b9af3268b The Fitzwilliam Museum Annual Report, 1995 Publ. pp. 76-7, no. 33 76-7 reference publication-3010 adlib-publication-3010 e3e61863-a797-3051-8d0a-20288306ca36 Italian Maiolica and Incised Slipware in the Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge Publ. pl. IX 507 reference publication-200001861 adlib-publication-200001861 1cca6257-ddc6-3bb1-ab40-c8f8ed41b9f2 Recent acquisitions (1995-2004) at the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge Cf. p. 28, lot 110, ill. pl. X, an unsigned dish decorated with the Suicide of Hero, dated 1546 28 reference publication-3411 adlib-publication-3411 fc56d3e1-2db5-3c4b-a36a-60b0a9ce09af Catalogue of Fine Early Continental Glass, Important Italian Majolica Ref. for Sforza di Marcantonio in Pesaro 7-10 reference publication-200001162 adlib-publication-200001162 94b3c1d5-3830-38b6-b5fa-fbb69fa437ba Sforza di Marcantonio: figulo pesarese cinquecentesco Cf. Dishes attributed to Sforza di Marcantonio, The dish dated 1576 is on p. 351, no. 496. 345-51 reference publication-3402 adlib-publication-3402 c8af0496-64ae-35b9-ad9f-d5671244769a Italienische Majolika, Katalog der Sammlung reference publication-3409 adlib-publication-3409 24781af6-8b3f-3e49-b0e1-b76724c9bf6f Ceramisti pesaresi nei documenti notarili dell'Archivio di Stato di Pesaro sec. XV-XVIII Ref. See p. 94, n. 54 for reference to a document recording Sforza di Marcantonio's presence in Pesaro on 17 May 1548 94 reference publication-9105 adlib-publication-9105 5cfdd45c-0379-3268-b5ba-70bf8826921a Girolamo e Giacomo Lanfranco dalle Gabicce maiolicari a Pesaro nel secolo XVI, Ref. For the inscription from Petrarch 228, 230-1 reference publication-200001099 adlib-publication-200001099 221e4db2-30b4-37cc-8eac-7bed66fa4d24 Francesco Xanto Avelli and Petrarch Ref. pp. 176-7, no. 129, a panel of the Dead Christ between the Virgin and St John, signed 'SFORZA' and dated 1567. 176-7 reference publication-3388 adlib-publication-3388 de185508-79d7-3c40-b470-36c015e8e566 Ceramiche occidentale del Museo Civico Medievale di Bologna Cf. Alessandro Bettini, 'La ceramica a Pesaro tra il XIV e il XVII secolo', pp. 31-95, on p. 79, no. 52 a shallow footed bowl decorated with the Holy family and Shepherds, dated 1543, attributed to the workshop of Girolamo Lanfrance. It had been suggested earlier by a different writer that this bowl might be by Sforza and therefore indicate that he had been in Pesaro at that date. 79 reference publication-6388 adlib-publication-6388 1f1298ea-c28b-3905-ad2b-fa59db7d742c Fati di Ceramica nelle Marche dal Trecento al Novecento Ref. p. 68, no. 98, ill. p. 67, a panel of the Annunciation, signed SFORZA and dated 1567. 67-8 reference publication-3227 adlib-publication-3227 93afae36-69d1-3a32-bcca-d2487b5e0af7 Ceramic Art of the Italian Renaissance Cf. pp. 251-2, no. 265, a plaque decorated with the Crucifixion with the Virgin, Magdalene and St John, attributed to Sforza di Marcantonio, and dated c. 1567 on the grounds of its similarity to the dated Annunciation plaque in the British Museum. The writer of this catalogue entry, Grazia Biscontini Ugolini, provides a survey of the known biography of Sforza and his work. She cites a notarial document of 1564 which states that he had a little workshop in the San Giacomo quarter of Pesaro. (ASP, notaio Paolo Ubaldi, 26.5;n. 154 B 443 V.10 [1564]) 251-2 reference publication-3413 adlib-publication-3413 8c672f50-56ae-3905-934c-aeda20f7cede Milan, Museo d'Arti Applicate, Le ceramiche, Tomo primo Ref. pp. 357-8, no. 211 a devotional panel of the Annunciation, signed 'SFORZA.D.P.' and dated 1567. 357-8 reference publication-6434 adlib-publication-6434 4524f0a3-0484-3e51-8720-80332f8ac8a2 Italian Renaissance Ceramics: A Catalogue of the British Museum Collection, Volume I and Volume II Cf. Vol. I, pp. 240-1, n. 728, vol. II, pl. 115. Inv. no. C.756-1925. A dish decorated with Hero and Leander and dated 1535 by Xanto Avelli da Rovigo. Vol. I, 240-1 reference publication-1571 adlib-publication-1571 4e0f6f47-bf3a-3285-8417-f9bff14edde2 Victoria and Albert Museum, Catalogue of Italian Maiolica reference publication-3721 adlib-publication-3721 3aa50429-7c36-35f8-899a-6ca6df495d5b The Collections of the National Gallery of Art, Systematic Catalogue, Western Decorative Arts, Part I, Medieval, Renaissance and Historicizing Styles including Metalwork, Enamels, and Ceramics Cf. p. 80, no. 40, a plate decorated with Hero and Leander and signed 'historia y' attributed to Francesco Xanto Avelli, in Urbino c. 1527-31. 80 reference publication-8915 adlib-publication-8915 53de1acc-24ac-39fd-8418-d4ffc3f13e3b Tin-glaze and Image Culture: the MAK Maiolica Collection in its Wider Context reference publication-3175 adlib-publication-3175 ab8fd5be-66f6-3413-aa8c-217219863fd3 Catalogue of a Collection of Italian Maiolica belonging to Henry Harris Ref. pp. 141-55, the author examines the influence of Xanto on Sforza di Marcantonio, and illustrates several dishes decorated with the same subject by both painters to demonstrate this. 141-55 reference publication-200003334 adlib-publication-200003334 bda9612a-3804-36e3-8893-2bd2c0dd8ef4 Xanto e Sforza di Marcantonio reference term-10618 adlib-term-10618 9ebc0ae1-8cf8-312b-832c-9cf44da02136 Renaissance object name reference term-107506 adlib-term-107506 b8480578-e5b1-3a8d-af71-509dcdbb2223 torch event reference term-113271 adlib-term-113271 f26dffff-4dd0-3376-aa38-fa1718178346 Suicide of Hero literal torch torch literal Suicide of Hero Suicide of Hero

reference term-90855 adlib-term-90855 b48207ec-774d-3e3e-8ab3-536996bc5dac dish

dish Earthenware, tin-glazed, painted in blue, greyish-green, yellow, orange, shades of brown, and black; the reverse is pale beige and has several pin holes. reference term-120059 adlib-term-120059 dfa315b5-819d-37ab-ab22-bddfdbb3cbe7 tin-glazing reference term-106226 adlib-term-106226 194567f2-2bcd-3446-ae31-652386611815 painting object OBJECT