IDENTIFIERS
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id:	224741
accession number:	P.14628-R(37)

DATE AUDIT
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created:	Wednesday 5 September 2018
updated:	Monday 2 October 2023

DESCRIPTIVE DATA
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object type: From a complete pack of 52 playing-cards; woodcut on white laid paper with watermarked fleur-de-lis. The court cards were designed by engraver and sculptor, Nicolas-Marie Gatteaux (1751-1832) in 1813, whose name can be found at the centre of the shield on the Jack of Clubs. His designs were based on earlier versions of the so-called Paris pattern, which became the official French pattern in 1813. The pack can be dated through reference to the Jack of Clubs, which is printed with the name for French excise administration (Administration des Contributions Indirectes) and a date of 1816. From the 19th century until 1945, the appearance of playing cards for domestic consumption was regulated by the French government and all cards were produced on watermarked paper made by the state to show payment of the stamp tax.
title:	playing card

LICENSING
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text license status:	CC0
image license status:	CC-BY-NC-SA

OWNERSHIP
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instutition: The Fitzwilliam Museum
department: Paintings, Drawings and Prints
creditline: Bequeathed by Spencer George Perceval, 1923

STABLE URL
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url:	https://data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/id/object/224741





TECHNIQUES
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hand colouring
TECHNIQUES
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woodcut

CATEGORIES
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category: print

DATING
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creation date:	1816 - 1816
creation date earliest:	1816
creation date latest:	1816
culture:	19th Century

CREATORS
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maker: Gatteaux, Nicolas Marie