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Formed of fairly small rings of oval-section wire with riveted joints throughout.  The rings are of a heavier construction over the chest and back than elsewhere.  The shirt opens all the way down the front.  It is of mid-thigh length, with a square-cut neck, and sleeves that extend to just below the elbows, and a central division to the crotch at the rear of the skirt.  A line of smaller links down the centre of the back suggests that the shirt has been altered or repaired at some time, perhaps during its working life.  A number of links are missing throughout the shirt, especially at its edges.  The shirt is bright with light patination throughout. Part of the composite Spanish armour M.13A-K-1941."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.13I-1941","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.13I-1941"},{"priref":"18222","type":"priref","value":"18222"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18222","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18222"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Given by Mr F.H. 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According to a manuscript note by F.H. Cripps-Day, dated December 1926, in his grangerised copy of G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, [section on jacks in volume titled 'mail'], now preserved in the library of the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds, 'I exchanged [a jack] with Dean for a Gothic Spanish suit made up.  I wanted a Gothic suit but parted with a rare piece'.  The jack, from a house in Tonbridge, Kent, is now part of the Bashford Dean Memorial Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. 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According to a manuscript note by F.H. Cripps-Day, dated December 1926, in his grangerised copy of G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, [section on jacks in volume titled 'mail'], now preserved in the library of the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds.  'I exchanged [a jack] with Dean for a Gothic Spanish suit made up.  I wanted a Gothic suit but parted with a rare piece'.  The jack, from a house in Tonbridge, Kent, is now part of the Bashford Dean Memorial Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.  From its character and condition it is possible that the helmet was one of the many pieces from the armoury of the Knights of St John at Rhodes that Bashford Dean acquired from the Parisian dealer Louis Bachereau. Mr Francis Henry Cripps-Day. Part of the composite Spanish armour M.13A-K-1941. 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The breastplate is of rounded, medially-ridged, one-piece construction with bold, angular outward turns at the neck and arm-openings.  A modern rivet secures a modern shoulder-strap terminating in a single-ended tongued, iron buckle within each shoulder.  The rivet for the left strap is round-headed with a square, internal washer, while that for the right is externally-flush with a large, flat, internal head.  The lower edge of the breastplate is flanged outwards to receive the skirt of four upward-overlapping lames decorated with a raised, medial rib.  The lower edge of the lowest lame is cut out with a shallow, central arch over the crotch.  The lames are connected to one another and to the breastplate at their outer ends by modern, round-headed rivets with circular or octagonal internal washers.  The centre of the third lame is repaired by welding.  The lower right corner of the third lame is damaged.  Vacant holes occur near the connecting-rivets at the left end of the first lame, the right end of the second lame and half way along each side of the lower edge of the third lame.  Four holes have later been plugged on the second lame, and perhaps as many as seven on the lowest lame. Part of the composite Spanish armour M.13A-K-1941."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.13C-1941","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.13C-1941"},{"priref":"18197","type":"priref","value":"18197"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18197","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18197"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Given by Mr F.H. 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The metal of the breastplate shows evidence of delamination at several points."},{"value":"The existence of unused and plugged holes in the skirt-lames suggests, in conjunction with differences in surface condition, that they have been altered and associated both with one another and the breastplate."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106256","uid":"adlib-term-106256","uuid":"1bd8ad44-09c2-3c55-825a-635e463bb56b"},"summary_title":"16th Century, Early"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-109042","uid":"adlib-term-109042","uuid":"db2984fc-4a80-3fdd-88d0-c3bde6347f67"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Spain"}],"summary_title":"Spain","type":"country"}]],"summary_title":"Calatayud"}]}]},"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40136","uid":"adlib-term-40136","uuid":"28e1cd6e-7c25-339f-8cd2-2aaae536a0c5"},"summary_title":"steel"}}],"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Depth","units":"cm","value":"15.6"},{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"49.4"},{"dimension":"Weight","units":"kg","value":"2.33"},{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"37.4"}]},"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-77604","uid":"adlib-term-77604","uuid":"0579b348-97ab-388c-ba51-27c35d51bf4e"},"summary_title":"breastplate (body armour)"}},{"value":"breastplate with skirt"}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"From the collection of Dr Bashford Dean, Riverdale, Long Island, New York.  According to a manuscript note by F.H. Cripps-Day, dated December 1926, in his grangerised copy of G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, [section on jacks in volume titled 'mail'], now preserved in the library of the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds, 'I exchanged [a jack] with Dean for a Gothic Spanish suit made up.  I wanted a Gothic suit but parted with a rare piece'.  The jack, from a house in Tonbridge, Kent, is now part of the Bashford Dean Memorial Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.  The breastplate may conceivably be one of a series of such pieces that were dispersed from the armoury of the Dukes of Ossuna at the end of the 19th century. Mr Francis Henry Cripps-Day."}],"objects":[{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18190","uid":"adlib-object-18190","uuid":"6b5e4d14-4d51-3dc3-a49a-088b1a488a95"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77982","uid":"adlib-term-77982","uuid":"6ef2355f-cbc1-3a49-8929-30b1fa23b387"},"summary_title":"kettle hat"}},"summary_title":"kettle hat"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18193","uid":"adlib-object-18193","uuid":"565e4c06-501d-36af-94dd-fff79e89c4cc"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77541","uid":"adlib-term-77541","uuid":"834f90f6-f825-3fe2-b491-5a642e5869a0"},"summary_title":"bevor"}},"summary_title":"bevor"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18200","uid":"adlib-object-18200","uuid":"24f95ae7-5aaa-32f2-99ec-14c5fa10002d"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77602","uid":"adlib-term-77602","uuid":"2abc88dc-70de-3d3b-8878-e140ec17e353"},"summary_title":"backplate (body armour)"}},"summary_title":"backplate (body armour)"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18201","uid":"adlib-object-18201","uuid":"056c93af-df21-3aef-8cad-acddc5d9e40d"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-45294","uid":"adlib-term-45294","uuid":"8a149dfe-75c0-3e50-a45e-1ded65083be0"},"summary_title":"besagews"}},"summary_title":"besagews"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18202","uid":"adlib-object-18202","uuid":"ce82bdc2-fac4-368f-bc6b-8b4cbe19705c"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77115","uid":"adlib-term-77115","uuid":"99c72af2-afdd-32d7-b889-3c3f47fa7bfe"},"summary_title":"gauntlets"}},"summary_title":"gauntlets"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18209","uid":"adlib-object-18209","uuid":"32673cea-088b-3314-990e-c736e8ea3c9b"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77844","uid":"adlib-term-77844","uuid":"5433da37-709e-390d-aad8-1f58d4a8fa6e"},"summary_title":"cuisses"}},"summary_title":"cuisses"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18216","uid":"adlib-object-18216","uuid":"6e1857b1-5448-38ee-b38b-51abf84ea0a4"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77873","uid":"adlib-term-77873","uuid":"d487e1b4-9ddb-3d88-9d9a-35c984005b70"},"summary_title":"greaves"}},"summary_title":"greaves"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18222","uid":"adlib-object-18222","uuid":"8591727a-e51d-3690-aa43-664938dffe31"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-109045","uid":"adlib-term-109045","uuid":"1e34ceca-f925-322c-9417-569ea96bd688"},"summary_title":"mail shirt"}},"summary_title":"mail shirt"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18225","uid":"adlib-object-18225","uuid":"b39e4871-4366-3329-b797-6417e8753b2f"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-109046","uid":"adlib-term-109046","uuid":"bfab6b8a-da23-34e2-a695-d51130fb5a11"},"summary_title":"mail sabatons"}},"summary_title":"mail sabatons"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18229","uid":"adlib-object-18229","uuid":"0e878e42-f768-33d3-b20f-b804d10cb2da"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77881","uid":"adlib-term-77881","uuid":"a8923d3a-ce8f-3a1a-a4ed-88f91ae76c69"},"summary_title":"spaudlers"}},"summary_title":"spaudlers"}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. The Fourth Park Lane Arms Fair, 20th-21st February, 1987, The Dorchester, Park Lane, London, catalogue produced by Apollo, London, 1987, pp.21-2, ill. on p.20.","page":"pp. 20-2","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1802","uid":"adlib-publication-1802","uuid":"e9fe75e6-8bfc-3dec-abe4-c5518376a691"},"summary_title":"A Man-at-Arms of the late Fifteenth Century"}],"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-77604","uid":"adlib-term-77604","uuid":"0579b348-97ab-388c-ba51-27c35d51bf4e"},"summary_title":"breastplate (body armour)"}},"summary_title":"breastplate (body armour)","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"the breastplate is of rounded, medially-ridged, one-piece construction with bold, angular outward turns at the neck and arm-openings; hammered, shaped, riveted, with a raised medial rib decorating the skirt"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-28775","uid":"adlib-term-28775","uuid":"bbe63841-d546-33c4-ab44-2958e6dce7b2"},"summary_title":"hammered"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120073","uid":"adlib-term-120073","uuid":"8f03d319-c397-37c8-a0e8-e23ef3cfdbbc"},"summary_title":"patinating"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-25884","uid":"adlib-term-25884","uuid":"86bb7058-7ded-3d65-8de1-80ad064ebbee"},"summary_title":"forming"}}],"type":{"base":"object","type":"OBJECT"}}},{"_index":"ciim","_type":"data","_id":"adlib-object-18202","_score":18.771513,"_source":{"admin":{"added":1592970250000,"created":1312637261000,"flag":"Standard Record","id":"object-18202","indexed":1747160046016,"modified":1714400454000,"processed":1747159409017,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-object-18202","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18202","uuid":"ce82bdc2-fac4-368f-bc6b-8b4cbe19705c","version":5},"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106608","uid":"adlib-term-106608","uuid":"85afe28f-82f6-3c45-843f-9fa087e98260"},"summary_title":"armour"}],"component":[{"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"modern"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40902","uid":"adlib-term-40902","uuid":"ec39a220-e629-3548-92f0-14937d5d3167"},"summary_title":"leather"}}],"name":"Internal Leathers"},{"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"modern"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40902","uid":"adlib-term-40902","uuid":"ec39a220-e629-3548-92f0-14937d5d3167"},"summary_title":"leather"}}],"name":"Straps"},{"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Depth","units":"cm","value":"11.4"},{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"22"},{"dimension":"Weight","units":"kg","value":"0.47"},{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"13.2"}]},"name":"Left Gauntlet"},{"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Depth","units":"cm","value":"11"},{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"21.9"},{"dimension":"Weight","units":"kg","value":"0.46"},{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"12.7"}]},"name":"Right Gauntlet"},{"name":"Cuff, Bands","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120081","uid":"adlib-term-120081","uuid":"857eb822-7a08-3da4-989b-401727b75e7c"},"summary_title":"recessing"}}]},{"name":"Knuckle-plates","techniques":[{"note":[{"value":"over individual knuckles"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-26881","uid":"adlib-term-26881","uuid":"88d2ea1e-d238-34e8-8bde-82e4187f5ad4"},"summary_title":"embossing"}}]},{"name":"Metacarpal-plate","techniques":[{"note":[{"value":"over the first and second knuckle of the thumb, thumb-nail on left gauntlet"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-26881","uid":"adlib-term-26881","uuid":"88d2ea1e-d238-34e8-8bde-82e4187f5ad4"},"summary_title":"embossing"}}]},{"name":"Parts","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-27414","uid":"adlib-term-27414","uuid":"0f64a11c-42b0-3e78-b1cc-6e7f81d59006"},"summary_title":"riveting"}}]}],"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Pair of gauntlets, of mitten form, for field use. Each formed of a short, flared cuff, a wrist-plate, two metacarpal-plates, a knuckle-plate and a thumb-defence of three scales.  The cuff is open at the inside of the wrist.  It has a straight edge bordered by a narrow, recessed band and seven externally-flush lining-rivets of which the central one has lost its flat, internal head, and each of the outer ones has been replaced; in the case of the left one, with round-headed rivets possessing circular, internal washers.  The replacement rivets retain a modern, buff-leather strap across the inside of the wrist.  The edge of the cuff is pierced at its centre with a modern wiring-hole.  The lower end of the cuff overlaps the wrist-plate and is linked through it to the upward-overlapping metacarpal-plates and knuckle-plate.  The plates are in all cases linked to one another at their outer ends by modern, externally-flush rivets.  The rivet that connects the inner ends of the second metacarpal-plate and the knuckle-plate of the left gauntlet has been fitted with a circular, external washer to compensate for the fact that the hole in the knuckle-plate has broken out.  The corresponding hole in the second metacarpal-plate has also broken out and been repaired by an internal patch secured by two externally-flush rivets.  The inner end of the metacarpal-plate extends in each case beyond the knuckle-plate and is embossed over the first knuckle of the thumb.  It fitted there with a thumb-defence of three outward-overlapping scales, of which the second one is embossed over the second knuckle of the thumb, and the third and last has a rounded and shaped end which in the case of the left gauntlet appears to be decorated with a thumb-nail.  The modern, internal leather to which the thumb-scales are attached are secured within the second metacarpal-plate by a pair of externally-flush rivets.  The first, second and third thumb-scales are secured to their internal leathers by two, four and two rivets respectively on the left gauntlet, and one, two and two rivets respectively on the right gauntlet.  The thumb-scales of the right gauntlet are associated; as possibly are those of the left also.  The ends of the knuckle-plates of both gauntlets are embossed over the individual knuckles and fitted with pairs of externally-flush rivets to secure the internal leathers for the missing finger-scales.  The rivets of the right gauntlet retain fragments of the leather for the second and third fingers.  The inner rivet for the third finger of the left gantlet is missing.  On both gauntlets the point of each knuckle has been crudely pierced, perhaps to attach later finger-scales since removed.  Modern, buff-leather straps are riveted across the insides of the knuckles.  The rivets that retain them are flat-headed with circular, internal washers, except for that at the inner end of the right gauntlet which is externally flush with a flat, internal head.  The last occupies the outer of the pair of rivet-holes for the missing scales of the first finger.  The rivet at the outer end of the same gauntlet occupies the later hole at the point of the fourth knuckle.  On the left gauntlet the inner rivet occupies the later hole at the point of the first knuckle, and the outer rivet occupies the inner of the pair of rivet-holes for the missing scales of the fourth finger. Part of the composite Spanish armour M.13A-K-1941."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.13F-1941","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.13F-1941"},{"priref":"18202","type":"priref","value":"18202"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18202","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18202"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Given by Mr F.H. 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According to a manuscript note by F.H. Cripps-Day, dated December 1926, in his grangerised copy of G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, [section on jacks in volume titled 'mail'], now preserved in the library of the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds, 'I exchanged [a jack] with Dean for a Gothic Spanish suit made up.  I wanted a Gothic suit but parted with a rare piece'.  The jack, from a house in Tonbridge, Kent, is now part of the Bashford Dean Memorial Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. 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Each formed of a short, gutter-shaped cuisse and a winged poleyn of six lames of which the last extends downwards to form a short shin-defence.  The cuisse is boxed in three vertical panels separated by a medial and a lateral ridge.  Its upper edge is slightly convex with a plain, partial inward turn accompanied by a recessed border pierced, originally, with  six-holes for lining-rivets of which the inner one on the left cuisse is now obscured by a welded repair.  Three of the holes of the left cuisse, and four of the right are occupied by externally-flush rivets, of which the outer one on the right cuisse is replaced.  A later pair of holes at the inner end of the border of the left cuisse have been closed with welding.  The outer edge of each cuisse curves inwards to a rounded corner at its lower end.  Attached within the upper end of the inner edge of each cuisse by a modern, round-headed rivet with a circular, internal washer is a modern, buff leather strap that passes around the back of the thigh to engage a single-ended buckle with a bevelled trapezoidal loop and rounded hasp that is secured by an externally-flush rivet at the upper end of the outer edge.  The rivet on the left cuisse is replaced.  Attached to the lower edge of each cuisse is a medially-ridged poleyn of six lames which overlap outwards from the third.  The lames are connected to one another and to the cuisses at their outer ends by modern, externally-flush rivets.  The edges of the first to fifth lames are cusped at their centres and at the articulation-points at each side.  The third and main lame is shaped to the point of the knee, and has an oval, centrally-puckered wing, obtusely-pointed at the rear in the case of the left poleyn.  The edge of the wing in both cases has a plain, partial inward turn accompanied by a recessed border except at the pucker.  The point of the knee is decorated with a vertical, elongated, almond-shaped boss, decorated at its apex with file-roping in the case of the right poleyn.  A similar, unroped, horizontal boss decorates the side of each poleyn just in front of the pucker of the wing.  Attached within the wing, just to the front of this boss, by a modern, round-headed rivet with a circular, internal washer is a modern, buff-leather strap that terminates in a single-ended, tongued buckle with an oval loop on the left poleyn, a trapezoidal loop on the right poleyn, and rounded hasps on both.  Each buckle engages a modern strap that passes around the rear of the knee and is attached by a modern, flat-headed rivet decorated with punched, radiating designs to the inner end of the main plate of the poleyn.  The strap of the right poleyn is of buff leather, and that of the left poleyn, of polished leather.  The gutter-shaped sixth lame of each poleyn forms a short shin-defence.  Its inner, lower corner is cut away in a concave curve and decorated at the resultant edge with a plain, partial inward turn accompanied by a recessed border.  The turn on the right poleyn is decorated with file-roping.  Attached by an externally-flush rivet at the lower end of the outer edge of the shin-defence is a single-ended, tongued buckle with a trapezoidal loop and a rounded hasp that engages a modern buff-leather strap that passes around the rear of the calf and is attached within the lower end of the inner edge of the shin-defence by a modern round-headed rivet with a circular, internal washer.  The centre of the lower edge of the right shin-defence is repaired with a welded patch. Part of the composite Spanish armour M.13A-K-1941."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.13G-1941","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.13G-1941"},{"priref":"18209","type":"priref","value":"18209"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18209","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18209"}],"inscription":[{"description":[{"value":"maker's mark consisting of a cross moline divided at its foot"}],"location":"top of right cuisse","method":"struck just to the right of the centre","type":"mark"},{"location":"inside of right cuisse","method":"painted in white","transcription":[{"value":"11(?)68"}],"type":"number"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Given by Mr F.H. 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According to a manuscript note by F.H. Cripps-Day, dated December 1926, in his grangerised copy of G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, [section on jacks in volume titled 'mail'], now preserved in the library of the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds, 'I exchanged [a jack] with Dean for a Gothic Spanish suit made up.  I wanted a Gothic suit but parted with a rare piece'.  The jack, from a house in Tonbridge, Kent, is now part of the Bashford Dean Memorial Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Mr Francis Henry Cripps-Day. Part of the composite Spanish armour M.13A-K-1941. Given by Mr F.H. 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The Fourth Park Lane Arms Fair, 20th-21st February, 1987, The Dorchester, Park Lane, London, catalogue produced by Apollo, London, 1987, pp.21-2, ill. on p.20.","page":"pp. 20-2","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1802","uid":"adlib-publication-1802","uuid":"e9fe75e6-8bfc-3dec-abe4-c5518376a691"},"summary_title":"A Man-at-Arms of the late Fifteenth Century"}],"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-77844","uid":"adlib-term-77844","uuid":"5433da37-709e-390d-aad8-1f58d4a8fa6e"},"summary_title":"cuisses"}},"summary_title":"cuisses","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"each formed of a short, gutter-shaped cuisse and a winged poleyn of six medially-ridged lames of which the last extends downwards to form a short shin-defence; hammered, shaped, riveted, decorated with recessed borders, bosses and file-roping"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-28775","uid":"adlib-term-28775","uuid":"bbe63841-d546-33c4-ab44-2958e6dce7b2"},"summary_title":"hammered"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120073","uid":"adlib-term-120073","uuid":"8f03d319-c397-37c8-a0e8-e23ef3cfdbbc"},"summary_title":"patinating"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-25884","uid":"adlib-term-25884","uuid":"86bb7058-7ded-3d65-8de1-80ad064ebbee"},"summary_title":"forming"}}],"type":{"base":"object","type":"SET"}}},{"_index":"ciim","_type":"data","_id":"adlib-object-18186","_score":18.057055,"_source":{"admin":{"added":1592970250000,"created":1312637261000,"flag":"Standard Record","id":"object-18186","indexed":1747160044866,"modified":1710347755000,"processed":1747159409017,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-object-18186","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18186","uuid":"77b02723-4e96-303b-b6aa-67b1702f65f2","version":5},"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106608","uid":"adlib-term-106608","uuid":"85afe28f-82f6-3c45-843f-9fa087e98260"},"summary_title":"armour"}],"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Composite armour, comprising a kettle hat, bevor, breastplate with skirt, backplate with skirt, pair of basagues, pair of gauntlets, two cuisses and poleyns almost forming a pair, pair of greaves, mail shirt, pair of mail sabatons, pair of spaudlers and vambraces."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.13-1941","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.13-1941"},{"priref":"18186","type":"priref","value":"18186"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18186","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18186"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Given by Mr F.H. Cripps-Day"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149906","uid":"adlib-agent-149906","uuid":"08670c3e-33b6-3062-9cf0-43c0402b1085"},"summary_title":"Cripps-Day, Francis Henry"}],"date":[{"earliest":1941,"latest":1906,"value":"1941-06"}],"method":{"value":"given"},"note":[{"value":"Entry date: 1941-06"}]}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1480,"from":{"earliest":1480,"era":["CE"],"latest":1480,"precision":"circa","value":"1480"},"latest":1520,"note":[{"value":"all armour dated from c.1480 to 1520, except sabatons, early 20th century, in the style of mail of 16th, 17th or 18th centuries"}],"range":true,"to":{"earliest":1520,"era":["CE"],"latest":1520,"value":"1520"}},{"earliest":1900,"from":{"earliest":1900,"era":["CE"],"latest":1900,"precision":"circa","value":"1900"},"latest":1930,"note":[{"value":"all armour dated from c.1480 to 1520, except sabatons, early 20th century, in the style of mail of 16th, 17th or 18th centuries"}],"range":true,"to":{"earliest":1930,"era":["CE"],"latest":1930,"value":"1930"}}],"maker":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149652","uid":"adlib-agent-149652","uuid":"0d4f90dc-b166-3d4b-b0db-25f4118b6e98"},"summary_title":"Unknown"}],"note":[{"value":"mainly Spanish or Western European, backplate from Nuremburg, South Germany"}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108748","uid":"adlib-term-108748","uuid":"ba7cd22e-1c68-3edc-b13f-03bb8117386a"},"summary_title":"15th Century-16th Century"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-109008","uid":"adlib-term-109008","uuid":"841b18bd-944d-3c9c-8d39-bdaabbcc28e1"},"summary_title":"20th Century, Early"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120873","uid":"adlib-term-120873","uuid":"9c5f3edb-276c-347f-94e5-8c37bffbf061"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Spain"}],"summary_title":"Spain","type":"country"}]],"summary_title":"Nuremburg"}]}]},"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40136","uid":"adlib-term-40136","uuid":"28e1cd6e-7c25-339f-8cd2-2aaae536a0c5"},"summary_title":"steel"}}],"multimedia":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"media-13495","uid":"adlib-media-13495","uuid":"ac5665c6-1560-3a68-847e-6d0c996560b0"},"processed":{"large":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/M_13_1941.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":760},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":500}]},"modified":1742580878881,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"mid":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/M_13_1941.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":760},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":500}]},"modified":1742580878881,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"original":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/M_13_1941.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":760},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":500}]},"modified":1742580878881,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"preview":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/preview_M_13_1941.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":380},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":250}]},"modified":1742580878881,"resizable":true,"type":"image"}},"sort":"0","type":{"base":"media","type":"image"}}],"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108939","uid":"adlib-term-108939","uuid":"53269ecd-4b66-3ccd-9ef3-09bb4caa61fd"},"summary_title":"composite armour"}}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"From the collection of Dr Bashford Dean, Riverdale, Long Island, New York.  According to a manuscript note by F.H. Cripps-Day, dated December 1926, in his grangerised copy of G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, [section on jacks in volume titled 'mail'], now preserved in the Library of the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds, 'I exchanged [a jack] with Dean for a Gothic Spanish suit made up.  I wanted a Gothic suit but parted with a rare piece'.  The jack, from a house in Tonbridge, Kent, is now part of the Bashford Dean Memorial Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Mr Francis Henry Cripps-Day."}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. 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Each formed of a spaudler of five lames connected by a turner to a vambrace comprised of a tubular upper cannon, a winged couter of three lames and a tubular lower cannon.  The right spaudler is more strongly shaped to the point of the shoulder than the left.  Each spaudler is formed of five lames that overlap outwards from the third.  The first and third lames are taller than the other three.  The third lame bulges outwards just above the armpit at both its front and rear edges.  The first lame has a convex upper edge.  That of the right spaudler has a plain, partial, inward turn accompanied by a narrow recessed border, while that of the left spaudler, which is associated and of slightly later date, has a formerly roped, but now plain, inward turn accompanied by a somewhat wider recessed border.  Attached by a modern, round-head rivet with a circular internal washer at the centre of the first lame in each case is a modern, single ended, tongued buckle with a plain hasp and a rectangular loop furnished with a roller.  A pair of large holes and a single hole are pierced, respectively, above and below the buckle on the right spaudler, and a single hole is pierced both above and below the buckle on the left spaudler.  The first to third lames are connected to one another at their outer ends by modern, round-headed rivets with octagonal or circular internal washers.  The rivets connecting the second and third lames at the front lack their washers in both cases.  The third to fifth lames of the right spaudler are connected to one another and to the turner of the vambrace by modern, round-headed rivets with octagonal internal washers at their outer ends, and by modern internal leather at their centres.  The outer rivets connecting the fifth lame to the turner lack internal washers.  The internal leather is secured to each lame by a single externally-flush rivet, except on the third lame which has a round-headed rivet with an octagonal internal washer.  The third to fifth lames of the left spaudler are connected to one another and to the turner of the vambrace by modern internal leathers at their outer ends and centres.  Single modern rivets attach the leathers to each lame.  The top and bottom rivets of each leather are round-headed with circular internal washers, while the remaining rivets are externally flush.  The top rivet of each of the outer leathers passes through both the third and fourth lames, rigidly securing them to one another.  Construction-holes at either end of the fourth and fifth lames aligning with the leathering-holes of the lames, are occupied by modern, decorative, round-headed rivets.  A modern, decorative, round-headed rivet also occupies a hole in the centre of the front edge of the right spaudler, and the centre of the rear edge of the left spaudler, in each case aligning with the articulating-rivets.  The front edges of the third and fourth lames of the right spaudler are damaged.  Two later holes in the rear end of the fifth lame of  the left spaudler are plugged with externally-flush rivets.  The spaudlers are linked to their respective vambraces by tubular turners.  Each has an overlapped join towards the rear of the inside of the arm that is secured by a pair of externally-flush rivets.  That on the right overlaps towards the rear, while that on the left turner overlaps towards the front where it is repaired with a small internal patch secured by two externally-flush rivets. The upper edge has a vacant slot at the rear, a vacant hole at the outside and a broken-out vacant hole at the front.  The lower edge is fitted at the front and rear with a rivet having a large, flat, inward-projecting head that engages and moves within a long, horizontal slot formed  at the upper edge of the vambrace.  The upper edge of the left turner is formed as a series of low scallops, except at the inside of the arm where it is cut away in a concave curve and has a plain, outward-turned edge.  At the outside rear of the upper edge of the turner is a vacant hole.  Two small holes to the inside of the front articulating-rivet, a single small hole to the inside of the rear articulating-rivet, and two larger holes at the outside of the arm have been plugged with externally-flush rivets.  The straight lower edge of the left turner is grooved to lock over and rotate on the inward-flanged upper edge of the vambrace.  The upper cannons of the vambraces are of tubular form, with forward-overlapping joins at their rears, secured by four externally-flush rivets on the right one, and three on the left.  The right upper cannon has an inward-flanged upper edge to engage the groove in its turner.  The left upper cannon has two long slots at its upper end to engage the sliding-rivets of its turner.  The slots are formed by the divided gap created between the upper edge of the upper cannon proper and a separate, horizontal strip supported just above it on two vertical strips located respectively at the inside and outside of the arm and secured to each element by an externally-flush rivet.  Both the horizontal and the vertical strips appear to represent later replacements or alterations.  The horizontal strip has a riveted, internal patch at the outside front.  The outside vertical strip has a vacant hole.  The lower edge of each upper cannon is cut away in a concave curve at the inside of the elbow.  A later hole is pierced at the centre of the front of the left upper cannon, and at the lower edge of the rear of the right upper cannon.  A vacant hole and three further holes plugged with externally-flush rivets exist at the front of the lower edge of the right upper cannon adjacent to the rivet that now serves to articulate it to its couter.  Three vacant holes exist at the front of the lower edge, and one at the rear of the lower edge of the left upper cannon, adjacent to its couter.  The couters are each formed of three lames that overlap outwards from the central one which is strongly shaped to the point of the elbow and has a small, nearly oval wing with an obtusely pointed inner edge.  The front of the central lame of the couter is medially ridged except on the wing which is medially puckered and decorated top and bottom with a pair of low, slightly converging ridges.  The lames are connected to one another and to the upper and lower  cannons of the vambrace at their outer ends by modern, round-headed rivets with square or octagonal washers.  Similar rivets and washers located at the front and rear of the central lame of the couter retain fragments of the leather straps that buckled around the inside of the elbow.  The right couter has been repaired at the point of the elbow of its central lame and the rear end of its lowest lame with large, riveted and welded, internal patches.  The left couter shows a small rust-perforation at both the top and bottom of its wing.  The tapering, tubular lower cannons are in each case formed of an inner and an outer plate:  the former fitting within the latter.  The plates are connected to one another at the rear by an internal hinge, and fastened at the front by a plain, circular stud riveted at the centre of the front edge of the inner plate that engages a corresponding hole in the front edge of the outer plate.  The front edge of the left inner plate is shaped around the stud.  The hinges, which are accommodated within trapezoidal notches cut in the rear edges of the outer plates, have cropped corners and are secured by pairs of modern round-headed rivets.  The rivets at the inner end of the hinge of the left lower cannon are fitted with octagonal internal washers.  A vacant hole occurs just to the outside of each of the rivets of the outer end of the left lower cannon.  Each lower cannon has a plain, outward turn at its lower edge and at the inside of its upper edge which is cut away in a concave curve to clear the inside of the elbow.  On the left lower cannon the turn continues into the upper front corner of the outer plate.  The front and rear edges of the outer plates of the lower cannons have in each case been trimmed in modern times, and pierced with a pair of small holes at the front lower corner and just below the hinge at the front edge.  The left lower cannon is repaired with a small, riveted internal patch beneath the hinge on the outer plate, and just above and to the inside of the hinge on the inner plate. Part of the composite Spanish armour M.13A-K-1941."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.13K-1941","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.13K-1941"},{"priref":"18229","type":"priref","value":"18229"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18229","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18229"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Given by Mr F.H. 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According to a manuscript note by F.H. Cripps-Day, dated December 1926, in his grangerised copy of G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, [section on jacks in volume titled 'mail'], now preserved in the library of the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds, 'I exchanged [a jack] with Dean for a Gothic Spanish suit made up.  I wanted a Gothic suit but parted with a rare piece'.  The jack, from a house in Tonbridge, Kent, is now part of the Bashford Dean Memorial Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. 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Formed of three medially-ridged plates of which the top two protect the lower face and chin respectively, and the lowest protects the throat and upper chest.  The upper edge of the top plate is nearly straight with a plain, flange-like, outward turn bordered by twenty-two holes for attaching a lining or covering, of which the central one is now plugged.  The lower edge of the top plate descends to a deep cusp at its centre and to lower cusps at either side where it is connected by modern round-headed rivets with internal washers to the second plate which it overlaps.  The second plate is strongly shaped to the chin and has a convex upper edge cut with a shallow, v-shaped notch at its centre.  A flat, horizontal spring-strip is attached by an externally-flush rivet at its outer end within the right upper edge of the second plate.  Riveted to the inner end of the spring, and protruding through a hole in the second plate, is a plain, circular stud that supports the top plate.  The lower edge of the second plate is flanged outwards to receive the lowest plate which overlaps it and is connected to it at either side by a modern, round-headed rivet with an internal washer.  The left washer is circular, and the right octagonal.  The upper edge of the lowest plate rises to a low cusp at either side, just above the connecting-rivets, and is decorated with a small, v-shaped nick at its centre.  The lower edge curves down from either side to an obtuse, central point.  The lower and rear edges are pierced with a total of twenty-seven holes for attaching a lining or covering.  Those at the lower rear corners are in each case occupied by modern, flat-headed rivets with internal washers that retain modern straps that fasten around the rear of the neck by means of a modern, double-ended, brass buckle attached to the end of the right strap.  The left washer is square, and the right washer circular. Part of the composite Spanish armour M.13A-K-1941."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.13B-1941","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.13B-1941"},{"priref":"18193","type":"priref","value":"18193"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18193","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18193"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Given by Mr F.H. 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The upper left corners of the first and second plates are slightly damaged, while the metal of the lowest plate shows some evidence of delamination at its right side."},{"value":"The lowest plate fits the second plate poorly and is clearly associated with it.  The top plate is somewhat brighter than the other two plates and exhibits a fresh lower edge, suggesting that it also might be associated with the second plate and slightly reworked to fit it."},{"value":"Western European"}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106256","uid":"adlib-term-106256","uuid":"1bd8ad44-09c2-3c55-825a-635e463bb56b"},"summary_title":"16th Century, Early"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108963","uid":"adlib-term-108963","uuid":"1fe700c4-66f7-3c5f-bfb8-74069ac8fdec"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Europe"}],"summary_title":"Europe","type":"country"}]],"summary_title":"Europe"}]}]},"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40136","uid":"adlib-term-40136","uuid":"28e1cd6e-7c25-339f-8cd2-2aaae536a0c5"},"summary_title":"steel"}}],"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Depth","units":"cm","value":"17.4"},{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"15.2"},{"dimension":"Weight","units":"kg","value":"0.64"},{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"22.6"}]},"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-77541","uid":"adlib-term-77541","uuid":"834f90f6-f825-3fe2-b491-5a642e5869a0"},"summary_title":"bevor"}}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"From the collection of Dr Bashford Dean, Riverdale, Long Island, New York.  According to a manuscript note by F.H. Cripps-Day, dated December 1926, in his grangerised copy of G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, [section on jacks in volume titled 'mail'], now preserved in the Library of the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds, 'I exchanged [a jack] with Dean for a Gothic Spanish suit made up.  I wanted a Gothic suit but parted with a rare piece'.  The jack, from a house in Tonbridge, Kent, is now part of the Bashford Dean Memorial Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.  The bevor is almost certainly one of a series of such pieces from the armoury of the Knights of St John at Rhodes that Bashford Dean acquired from the Parisian dealer Louis Bachereau, most of which passed into the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, and then via auction in London to the St John's Gate Museum, Clerkenwell, London. 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According to a manuscript note by F.H. Cripps-Day, dated December 1926, in his grangerised copy of G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, [section on jacks in volume titled 'mail'], now preserved in the library of the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds, 'I exchanged [a jack] with Dean for a Gothic Spanish suit made up.  I wanted a Gothic suit but parted with a rare piece'.  The jack, from a house in Tonbridge, Kent, is now part of the Bashford Dean Memorial Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Mr Francis Henry Cripps-Day."}],"objects":[{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18190","uid":"adlib-object-18190","uuid":"6b5e4d14-4d51-3dc3-a49a-088b1a488a95"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77982","uid":"adlib-term-77982","uuid":"6ef2355f-cbc1-3a49-8929-30b1fa23b387"},"summary_title":"kettle hat"}},"summary_title":"kettle hat"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18193","uid":"adlib-object-18193","uuid":"565e4c06-501d-36af-94dd-fff79e89c4cc"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77541","uid":"adlib-term-77541","uuid":"834f90f6-f825-3fe2-b491-5a642e5869a0"},"summary_title":"bevor"}},"summary_title":"bevor"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18197","uid":"adlib-object-18197","uuid":"53424376-1047-318b-ad2c-802249028dab"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77604","uid":"adlib-term-77604","uuid":"0579b348-97ab-388c-ba51-27c35d51bf4e"},"summary_title":"breastplate (body armour)"}},"summary_title":"breastplate (body armour)"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18200","uid":"adlib-object-18200","uuid":"24f95ae7-5aaa-32f2-99ec-14c5fa10002d"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77602","uid":"adlib-term-77602","uuid":"2abc88dc-70de-3d3b-8878-e140ec17e353"},"summary_title":"backplate (body armour)"}},"summary_title":"backplate (body armour)"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18202","uid":"adlib-object-18202","uuid":"ce82bdc2-fac4-368f-bc6b-8b4cbe19705c"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77115","uid":"adlib-term-77115","uuid":"99c72af2-afdd-32d7-b889-3c3f47fa7bfe"},"summary_title":"gauntlets"}},"summary_title":"gauntlets"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18209","uid":"adlib-object-18209","uuid":"32673cea-088b-3314-990e-c736e8ea3c9b"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77844","uid":"adlib-term-77844","uuid":"5433da37-709e-390d-aad8-1f58d4a8fa6e"},"summary_title":"cuisses"}},"summary_title":"cuisses"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18216","uid":"adlib-object-18216","uuid":"6e1857b1-5448-38ee-b38b-51abf84ea0a4"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77873","uid":"adlib-term-77873","uuid":"d487e1b4-9ddb-3d88-9d9a-35c984005b70"},"summary_title":"greaves"}},"summary_title":"greaves"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18222","uid":"adlib-object-18222","uuid":"8591727a-e51d-3690-aa43-664938dffe31"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-109045","uid":"adlib-term-109045","uuid":"1e34ceca-f925-322c-9417-569ea96bd688"},"summary_title":"mail shirt"}},"summary_title":"mail shirt"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18225","uid":"adlib-object-18225","uuid":"b39e4871-4366-3329-b797-6417e8753b2f"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-109046","uid":"adlib-term-109046","uuid":"bfab6b8a-da23-34e2-a695-d51130fb5a11"},"summary_title":"mail sabatons"}},"summary_title":"mail sabatons"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18229","uid":"adlib-object-18229","uuid":"0e878e42-f768-33d3-b20f-b804d10cb2da"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77881","uid":"adlib-term-77881","uuid":"a8923d3a-ce8f-3a1a-a4ed-88f91ae76c69"},"summary_title":"spaudlers"}},"summary_title":"spaudlers"}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. 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The right sabaton is of long, tapering form with an obtusely-pointed wider end, and an obliquely-cut narrower end.  It is composed entirely of riveted rings of flat section wire, having an outside diameter of approximately 1.0 cm.  A few rings are missing and others have been replaced with modern butted rings of circular section wire.  The sabaton has been cut from an earlier garment of mail: most probably a mail shirt or sleeve.  The sabaton is bright with a variable light to medium patination.\nThe left sabaton is of rectangular form with an obliquely-cut corner.  It is composed entirely of riveted rings of circular section wire, having an outside diameter of approximately 0.8 cm.  A few rings are missing.  The sabaton has been cut from an earlier garment of mail; most probably a mail shirt or sleeve.  The sabaton is bright with a light patination overall. Part of the composite Spanish armour M.13A-K-1941."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.13J-1941","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.13J-1941"},{"priref":"18225","type":"priref","value":"18225"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18225","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18225"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Given by Mr F.H. 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According to a manuscript note by F.H. Cripps-Day, dated December 1926, in his grangerised copy of G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, [section on jacks in volume titled 'mail'], now preserved in the library of the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds, 'I exchanged [a jack] with Dean for a Gothic Spanish suit made up.  I wanted a Gothic suit but parted with a rare piece'.  The jack, from a house in Tonbridge, Kent, is now part of the Bashford Dean Memorial Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Mr Francis Henry Cripps-Day."}],"objects":[{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18193","uid":"adlib-object-18193","uuid":"565e4c06-501d-36af-94dd-fff79e89c4cc"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77541","uid":"adlib-term-77541","uuid":"834f90f6-f825-3fe2-b491-5a642e5869a0"},"summary_title":"bevor"}},"summary_title":"bevor"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18190","uid":"adlib-object-18190","uuid":"6b5e4d14-4d51-3dc3-a49a-088b1a488a95"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77982","uid":"adlib-term-77982","uuid":"6ef2355f-cbc1-3a49-8929-30b1fa23b387"},"summary_title":"kettle hat"}},"summary_title":"kettle hat"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18197","uid":"adlib-object-18197","uuid":"53424376-1047-318b-ad2c-802249028dab"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77604","uid":"adlib-term-77604","uuid":"0579b348-97ab-388c-ba51-27c35d51bf4e"},"summary_title":"breastplate (body armour)"}},"summary_title":"breastplate (body armour)"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18200","uid":"adlib-object-18200","uuid":"24f95ae7-5aaa-32f2-99ec-14c5fa10002d"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77602","uid":"adlib-term-77602","uuid":"2abc88dc-70de-3d3b-8878-e140ec17e353"},"summary_title":"backplate (body armour)"}},"summary_title":"backplate (body armour)"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18201","uid":"adlib-object-18201","uuid":"056c93af-df21-3aef-8cad-acddc5d9e40d"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-45294","uid":"adlib-term-45294","uuid":"8a149dfe-75c0-3e50-a45e-1ded65083be0"},"summary_title":"besagews"}},"summary_title":"besagews"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18202","uid":"adlib-object-18202","uuid":"ce82bdc2-fac4-368f-bc6b-8b4cbe19705c"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77115","uid":"adlib-term-77115","uuid":"99c72af2-afdd-32d7-b889-3c3f47fa7bfe"},"summary_title":"gauntlets"}},"summary_title":"gauntlets"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18209","uid":"adlib-object-18209","uuid":"32673cea-088b-3314-990e-c736e8ea3c9b"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77844","uid":"adlib-term-77844","uuid":"5433da37-709e-390d-aad8-1f58d4a8fa6e"},"summary_title":"cuisses"}},"summary_title":"cuisses"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18216","uid":"adlib-object-18216","uuid":"6e1857b1-5448-38ee-b38b-51abf84ea0a4"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77873","uid":"adlib-term-77873","uuid":"d487e1b4-9ddb-3d88-9d9a-35c984005b70"},"summary_title":"greaves"}},"summary_title":"greaves"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18222","uid":"adlib-object-18222","uuid":"8591727a-e51d-3690-aa43-664938dffe31"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-109045","uid":"adlib-term-109045","uuid":"1e34ceca-f925-322c-9417-569ea96bd688"},"summary_title":"mail shirt"}},"summary_title":"mail shirt"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18229","uid":"adlib-object-18229","uuid":"0e878e42-f768-33d3-b20f-b804d10cb2da"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77881","uid":"adlib-term-77881","uuid":"a8923d3a-ce8f-3a1a-a4ed-88f91ae76c69"},"summary_title":"spaudlers"}},"summary_title":"spaudlers"}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. 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Each formed of a front and a rear plate closely shaped to the lower leg and remaining open at the inside rear of the calf.  The medially-ridged front plate overlaps the rear plate at the outside where it is joined to it by a pair of modern, external hinges that are shaped around the single, rounded-headed rivets that retain them at either end.  The front plate has a nearly straight upper edge that is pierced with a hole at its inner end and fitted with a turning-pin with an internal, octagonal washer at its outer end.  A later hole is pierced just within the turning-pin.  The lower edge of the front plate, which terminates at the height of the ankles, is cut away in an arch at the front where it has a plain, outward-turned edge.  The lower edge is decorated to either side of the arch with modern file-roping, and pierced with a small wiring-hole.  Attached by modern, rosette-headed rivets to the top and bottom respectively of the outer edge of the front plate are modern straps that engage the corresponding, elaborately-decorated, modern, single-ended, tongued buckles that are attached by externally-flush rivets at the inner edge of the rear plate.  The right front plate is extensively repaired with riveted internal patches at its upper end, and its inner and lower edges.  The left front plate is a modern restoration made to match the right one.  The right rear plate is medially ridged, whereas the left one is not.  In each case the lower edge of the rear plate is straight and the upper edge is cut away in a diagonal, concave curve to clear the back of the knee.  Both the upper and lower edges have file-roped inward turns.  The lower edge of the left rear plate is pierced with four holes now plugged with externally-flush rivets.  Various other small rivets, mainly at the lower end of the same plate appear to serve to prevent the metal from delaminating.  Vacant rivet-holes, probably for retaining hinges, occur just above each of the rivets presently retaining the hinges.  A large, riveted and welded internal patch repairs the upper part of the outer edge of the plate, while a smaller patch repairs its lower edge.  Vacant rivet-holes, probably for retaining hinges, occur a short distance above and below the rivets presently retaining the hinges on the right rear plate. Part of the composite Spanish armour M.13A-K-1941."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.13H-1941","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.13H-1941"},{"priref":"18216","type":"priref","value":"18216"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18216","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18216"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Given by Mr F.H. Cripps-Day"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149906","uid":"adlib-agent-149906","uuid":"08670c3e-33b6-3062-9cf0-43c0402b1085"},"summary_title":"Cripps-Day, Francis Henry"}],"date":[{"earliest":1941,"latest":1906,"value":"1941-06"}],"method":{"value":"given"},"note":[{"value":"Entry date: 1941-06"}]}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1510,"from":{"earliest":1510,"latest":1510,"precision":"circa","value":"1510"},"latest":1520,"range":true,"to":{"earliest":1520,"latest":1520,"value":"1520"}}],"maker":[{"@link":{"qualifier":"probably","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149652","uid":"adlib-agent-149652","uuid":"0d4f90dc-b166-3d4b-b0db-25f4118b6e98"},"summary_title":"Unknown"}],"note":[{"value":"The greaves are bright with light patination overall except on the front right plate which shows heavy pitting."},{"value":"The right rear plate is clearly associated with the front right plate and is perhaps of slightly later date than the latter.  The left rear plate does not form a pair with the right rear plate.  The left front plate is a modern restoration."},{"value":"probably North Italian"}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106256","uid":"adlib-term-106256","uuid":"1bd8ad44-09c2-3c55-825a-635e463bb56b"},"summary_title":"16th Century, Early"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106629","uid":"adlib-term-106629","uuid":"e1fb1a11-426b-3006-bf59-4126d48e87ca"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Italy"}],"summary_title":"Italy","type":"country"}]],"summary_title":"Italy"}]}]},"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40136","uid":"adlib-term-40136","uuid":"28e1cd6e-7c25-339f-8cd2-2aaae536a0c5"},"summary_title":"steel"}}],"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-77873","uid":"adlib-term-77873","uuid":"d487e1b4-9ddb-3d88-9d9a-35c984005b70"},"summary_title":"greaves"}},{"value":"pair of greaves"}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"From the collection of Dr Bashford Dean, Riverdale, Long Island, New York.  According to a manuscript note by F.H. Cripps-Day, dated December 1926, in his grangerised copy of G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, [section on jacks in volume titled 'mail'], now preserved in the library of the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds, 'I exchanged [a jack] with Dean for a Gothic Spanish suit made up.  I wanted a Gothic suit but parted with a rare piece'.  The jack, from a house in Tonbridge, Kent, is now part of the Bashford Dean Memorial Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.\nThe character of the front plate of the right greave suggests that it may have been one of the many pieces from the armoury of the Knight of St John at Rhodes that Bashford Dean acquired from the Parisian dealer Louis Bachereau. Mr Francis Henry Cripps-Day."}],"objects":[{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18190","uid":"adlib-object-18190","uuid":"6b5e4d14-4d51-3dc3-a49a-088b1a488a95"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77982","uid":"adlib-term-77982","uuid":"6ef2355f-cbc1-3a49-8929-30b1fa23b387"},"summary_title":"kettle hat"}},"summary_title":"kettle hat"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18193","uid":"adlib-object-18193","uuid":"565e4c06-501d-36af-94dd-fff79e89c4cc"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77541","uid":"adlib-term-77541","uuid":"834f90f6-f825-3fe2-b491-5a642e5869a0"},"summary_title":"bevor"}},"summary_title":"bevor"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18197","uid":"adlib-object-18197","uuid":"53424376-1047-318b-ad2c-802249028dab"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77604","uid":"adlib-term-77604","uuid":"0579b348-97ab-388c-ba51-27c35d51bf4e"},"summary_title":"breastplate (body armour)"}},"summary_title":"breastplate (body armour)"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18200","uid":"adlib-object-18200","uuid":"24f95ae7-5aaa-32f2-99ec-14c5fa10002d"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77602","uid":"adlib-term-77602","uuid":"2abc88dc-70de-3d3b-8878-e140ec17e353"},"summary_title":"backplate (body armour)"}},"summary_title":"backplate (body armour)"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18201","uid":"adlib-object-18201","uuid":"056c93af-df21-3aef-8cad-acddc5d9e40d"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-45294","uid":"adlib-term-45294","uuid":"8a149dfe-75c0-3e50-a45e-1ded65083be0"},"summary_title":"besagews"}},"summary_title":"besagews"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18202","uid":"adlib-object-18202","uuid":"ce82bdc2-fac4-368f-bc6b-8b4cbe19705c"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77115","uid":"adlib-term-77115","uuid":"99c72af2-afdd-32d7-b889-3c3f47fa7bfe"},"summary_title":"gauntlets"}},"summary_title":"gauntlets"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18209","uid":"adlib-object-18209","uuid":"32673cea-088b-3314-990e-c736e8ea3c9b"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77844","uid":"adlib-term-77844","uuid":"5433da37-709e-390d-aad8-1f58d4a8fa6e"},"summary_title":"cuisses"}},"summary_title":"cuisses"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18222","uid":"adlib-object-18222","uuid":"8591727a-e51d-3690-aa43-664938dffe31"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-109045","uid":"adlib-term-109045","uuid":"1e34ceca-f925-322c-9417-569ea96bd688"},"summary_title":"mail shirt"}},"summary_title":"mail shirt"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18225","uid":"adlib-object-18225","uuid":"b39e4871-4366-3329-b797-6417e8753b2f"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-109046","uid":"adlib-term-109046","uuid":"bfab6b8a-da23-34e2-a695-d51130fb5a11"},"summary_title":"mail sabatons"}},"summary_title":"mail sabatons"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18229","uid":"adlib-object-18229","uuid":"0e878e42-f768-33d3-b20f-b804d10cb2da"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77881","uid":"adlib-term-77881","uuid":"a8923d3a-ce8f-3a1a-a4ed-88f91ae76c69"},"summary_title":"spaudlers"}},"summary_title":"spaudlers"}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. The Fourth Park Lane Arms Fair, 20th-21st February, 1987, The Dorchester, Park Lane, London, catalogue produced by Apollo, London, 1987, pp.21-2, ill. on p.20.","page":"pp. 20-2","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1802","uid":"adlib-publication-1802","uuid":"e9fe75e6-8bfc-3dec-abe4-c5518376a691"},"summary_title":"A Man-at-Arms of the late Fifteenth Century"}],"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-77873","uid":"adlib-term-77873","uuid":"d487e1b4-9ddb-3d88-9d9a-35c984005b70"},"summary_title":"greaves"}},"summary_title":"greaves","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"each formed of a front and a rear plate closely shaped to the lower leg and remaining open at the inside rear of the calf; hammered, shaped, riveted, medially-ridged, hinged, decorated with file-roping"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-28775","uid":"adlib-term-28775","uuid":"bbe63841-d546-33c4-ab44-2958e6dce7b2"},"summary_title":"hammered"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120073","uid":"adlib-term-120073","uuid":"8f03d319-c397-37c8-a0e8-e23ef3cfdbbc"},"summary_title":"patinating"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-25884","uid":"adlib-term-25884","uuid":"86bb7058-7ded-3d65-8de1-80ad064ebbee"},"summary_title":"forming"}}],"type":{"base":"object","type":"SET"}}}],"first_page_url":"?page=1","from":1,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"?page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"« Previous","active":false},{"url":"?page=1","label":"1","active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next »","active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"","per_page":24,"prev_page_url":null,"to":12,"total":12}]