[{"admin":{"added":1592951266000,"created":1312633275000,"id":"publication-1803","indexed":1616539746505,"modified":1312636469000,"processed":1615826072933,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-publication-1803","uuid":"f01ead2b-f401-31df-8fb6-0f66b5ba3d25","version":2},"lifecycle":{"publication":[{"date":[{"value":"1958"}],"place":[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"London?"}],"summary_title":"London?"}]}]},"summary_title":"European Armour","title":[{"primary":true,"value":"European Armour"}],"type":{"base":"publication"}},{"current_page":1,"data":[{"_index":"ciim","_type":"data","_id":"adlib-object-18335","_score":20.709488,"_source":{"admin":{"added":1592960788000,"created":1312637261000,"flag":"Standard Record","id":"object-18335","indexed":1747159659816,"modified":1355504371000,"processed":1747159409017,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-object-18335","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18335","uuid":"53872ed8-44cd-3792-abc0-66fa0b7aaf2f","version":4},"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106608","uid":"adlib-term-106608","uuid":"85afe28f-82f6-3c45-843f-9fa087e98260"},"summary_title":"armour"}],"component":[{"name":"Crown","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108945","uid":"adlib-term-108945","uuid":"78ba1316-8b78-3d79-8821-856f848986c7"},"summary_title":"medially-ridged"}}]},{"name":"Parts","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-27414","uid":"adlib-term-27414","uuid":"0f64a11c-42b0-3e78-b1cc-6e7f81d59006"},"summary_title":"riveting"}}]}],"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"'Venetian' sallet, for field use. Of deep, one-piece construction with a rounded, medially-ridged crown, a short 'tail' over neck, and a T-shaped face-opening reinforced around its margin with a flat strip attached by seven round-headed rivets.  The lower edge of the helmet has a plain outward turn.  The base of the crown is encircled by eighteen externally-flush lining rivets.  Beneath them at either side are a further pair of externally flush rivets for the attachment of a pair of chin-straps.  A pair of holes high up the front of the crown and a single hole at the rear of the crown may have served to secure a crest."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.13-X","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.13-X"},{"priref":"18335","type":"priref","value":"18335"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18335","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18335"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Possibly J.S. Henderson Bequest"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-154334","uid":"adlib-agent-154334","uuid":"28c0c8e2-3ec7-3d3a-9e13-b60fa3a6b434"},"summary_title":"Henderson, James Stewart"}],"date":[{"earliest":1933,"latest":1933,"value":"1933-03-16"}],"method":{"value":"bequeathed"},"note":[{"value":"The helmet was previously identified as forming part of the Henderson Bequest (HEN.M.54-1933), but cannot be identified in the Henderson valuation list."}]}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1450,"from":{"earliest":1450,"era":["CE"],"latest":1450,"precision":"circa","value":"1450"},"latest":1460,"range":true,"to":{"earliest":1460,"era":["CE"],"latest":1460,"value":"1460"}}],"maker":[{"@link":{"qualifier":"probably","role":[{"value":"production"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149652","uid":"adlib-agent-149652","uuid":"0d4f90dc-b166-3d4b-b0db-25f4118b6e98"},"summary_title":"Unknown"}],"note":[{"value":"North Italian, probably Milanese"},{"value":"The helmet is in excavated condition, with severe corrosion overall, resulting in large perforations at the left of the neck, a small perforation at the right of the neck and the loss of the top of the crown which has been replaced by coloured plaster."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107270","uid":"adlib-term-107270","uuid":"98ebf37f-42ba-3d8c-b75f-102d703acef1"},"summary_title":"15th Century"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106511","uid":"adlib-term-106511","uuid":"0677a51e-a816-3f2c-bd69-4dde898eab76"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Italy"}],"summary_title":"Italy","type":"country"}]],"summary_title":"Milan"}]}]},"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40136","uid":"adlib-term-40136","uuid":"28e1cd6e-7c25-339f-8cd2-2aaae536a0c5"},"summary_title":"steel"}}],"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Depth","units":"cm","value":"26.3"},{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"28.0"},{"dimension":"Weight","units":"kg","value":"2.82"},{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"20.0"}]},"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-109066","uid":"adlib-term-109066","uuid":"217e2ef5-9d8e-3e20-a878-59acbe5805cc"},"summary_title":"'Venetian' sallet"}}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"Possibly Mr James Stewart Henderson of  'Abbotsford', Downs Road, St Helen's Park, Hastings, Sussex."}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. The 'Iron Helmet' listed by H. A. Chapman, p. 13, is probably the present sallet.","page":"p. 13","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1815","uid":"adlib-publication-1815","uuid":"8f806287-4ffa-3de0-9cbb-d9b0c72a9019"},"summary_title":"A Handbook to the Collection of Antiquities and Other Objects Exhibited in the Fitzwilliam Museum"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. For general study of this type of sallet see p. 85","page":"p. 85","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1803","uid":"adlib-publication-1803","uuid":"f01ead2b-f401-31df-8fb6-0f66b5ba3d25"},"summary_title":"European Armour"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. Sallets of this type are depicted in the sculptured reliefs of the Triumphal Arch of Alphonso of Aragon at the Castel Nuovo, Naples, c. 1455-8, fig. 345, see also for a general study of this type of sallet, pp. 3-20","page":"pp. 3-20","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1809","uid":"adlib-publication-1809","uuid":"c679fcbc-7514-3602-bacd-e075bed039e7"},"summary_title":"A Record of European Armour and Arms Through Seven Centuries"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1812","uid":"adlib-publication-1812","uuid":"29ec6739-72c7-305b-98d5-3487dd628028"},"summary_title":"The Armoury of the Castle of Churburg"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. Comparable sallets, with reinforced T-shaped face-openings, can be recorded in the armoury of the Glasgow Art Gallery and Museum, cat. no. 58, p. 9, figs. 1-4 & 7","page":"p. 9","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200000655","uid":"adlib-publication-200000655","uuid":"951b758c-690a-3b40-86a1-0daee20a00b6"},"summary_title":"Three Armours in the Scott Collection"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1749","uid":"adlib-publication-1749","uuid":"15677961-7e0c-3b15-896c-78a5119e6b1d"},"summary_title":"Wallace Collection Catalogues:  European Arms and Armour"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1811","uid":"adlib-publication-1811","uuid":"7cdb8cd2-00db-349a-8272-b3fa6227c61f"},"summary_title":"European Armour in the Tower of London"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1814","uid":"adlib-publication-1814","uuid":"2f8486c9-ea49-37e0-84cc-9699dbe2c808"},"summary_title":"Armi Antiche dal Museo Civico L. Marzoli"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. Comparable sallets, with reinforced T-shaped face-openings, can be recorded in the armoury of the Glasgow Art Gallery and Museum, pp. 267-8. pls. LVI-LVII","page":"pp. 267-8","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200000656","uid":"adlib-publication-200000656","uuid":"79847cd8-2f4f-3c91-8308-05dc714282a4"},"summary_title":"A Barbuta at Glasgow: A Problem of Identification"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. Comparable sallets, with reinforced T-shaped face-openings, can be recorded in the armoury of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, p. 23, Cat. No. 1, Acc. No. 42.50.15, and are depicted in the sculptured reliefs in an intarsia panel from the wainscotting of the studio of Duke Federigo da Montefeltro at Gubbio, now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, c. 1480-5, p. 23, fig. 9","page":"p. 23","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1813","uid":"adlib-publication-1813","uuid":"cec58dc7-be51-3f7a-bb93-d3a63187799d"},"summary_title":"The Art of Chivalry: European Arms and Armour from the Metropolitan Museum of Art"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200000657","uid":"adlib-publication-200000657","uuid":"53b7ebeb-e9b5-33f2-9e14-49fe7b7e9888"},"summary_title":"Ancient Italian Pieces in the Kienbusch Collection"}],"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-109066","uid":"adlib-term-109066","uuid":"217e2ef5-9d8e-3e20-a878-59acbe5805cc"},"summary_title":"'Venetian' sallet"}},"summary_title":"'Venetian' sallet","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"of deep, one-piece construction with a rounded, medially-ridged crown, a short 'tail' over neck, and a T-shaped face-opening reinforced around its margin with a flat strip attached by seven round-headed rivets; hammered, shaped, riveted"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-28775","uid":"adlib-term-28775","uuid":"bbe63841-d546-33c4-ab44-2958e6dce7b2"},"summary_title":"hammered"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-25884","uid":"adlib-term-25884","uuid":"86bb7058-7ded-3d65-8de1-80ad064ebbee"},"summary_title":"forming"}}],"type":{"base":"object","type":"OBJECT"}}},{"_index":"ciim","_type":"data","_id":"adlib-object-18209","_score":20.072939,"_source":{"admin":{"added":1592970250000,"created":1312637261000,"flag":"Standard Record","id":"object-18209","indexed":1747160046331,"modified":1711450155000,"processed":1747159409017,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-object-18209","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18209","uuid":"32673cea-088b-3314-990e-c736e8ea3c9b","version":5},"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106608","uid":"adlib-term-106608","uuid":"85afe28f-82f6-3c45-843f-9fa087e98260"},"summary_title":"armour"}],"component":[{"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"modern"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40902","uid":"adlib-term-40902","uuid":"ec39a220-e629-3548-92f0-14937d5d3167"},"summary_title":"leather"}}],"name":"Straps"},{"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Depth","units":"cm","value":"14.5"},{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"42"},{"dimension":"Weight","units":"kg","value":"1.17"},{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"17.3"}]},"name":"Left"},{"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Depth","units":"cm","value":"15.5"},{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"44.5"},{"dimension":"Weight","units":"kg","value":"1.18"},{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"16.1"}]},"name":"Right"},{"name":"Borders","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120081","uid":"adlib-term-120081","uuid":"857eb822-7a08-3da4-989b-401727b75e7c"},"summary_title":"recessing"}}]},{"name":"Decoration","techniques":[{"note":[{"value":"boss at the point of the knee and side of each poleyn"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-28810","uid":"adlib-term-28810","uuid":"c6a00cef-33f7-3107-8666-d791bd49707c"},"summary_title":"raising (metal forming process)"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120111","uid":"adlib-term-120111","uuid":"6d833d92-6a99-38e0-8468-4b26f35b735e"},"summary_title":"file-roping"}}]},{"name":"Parts","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-27414","uid":"adlib-term-27414","uuid":"0f64a11c-42b0-3e78-b1cc-6e7f81d59006"},"summary_title":"riveting"}}]},{"name":"Poleyn Lames","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108945","uid":"adlib-term-108945","uuid":"78ba1316-8b78-3d79-8821-856f848986c7"},"summary_title":"medially-ridged"}}]}],"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Two cuisses and poleyns almost forming a pair, for infantry or light cavalry wear without greaves. Each formed of a short, gutter-shaped cuisse and a winged poleyn of six lames of which the last extends downwards to form a short shin-defence.  The cuisse is boxed in three vertical panels separated by a medial and a lateral ridge.  Its upper edge is slightly convex with a plain, partial inward turn accompanied by a recessed border pierced, originally, with  six-holes for lining-rivets of which the inner one on the left cuisse is now obscured by a welded repair.  Three of the holes of the left cuisse, and four of the right are occupied by externally-flush rivets, of which the outer one on the right cuisse is replaced.  A later pair of holes at the inner end of the border of the left cuisse have been closed with welding.  The outer edge of each cuisse curves inwards to a rounded corner at its lower end.  Attached within the upper end of the inner edge of each cuisse by a modern, round-headed rivet with a circular, internal washer is a modern, buff leather strap that passes around the back of the thigh to engage a single-ended buckle with a bevelled trapezoidal loop and rounded hasp that is secured by an externally-flush rivet at the upper end of the outer edge.  The rivet on the left cuisse is replaced.  Attached to the lower edge of each cuisse is a medially-ridged poleyn of six lames which overlap outwards from the third.  The lames are connected to one another and to the cuisses at their outer ends by modern, externally-flush rivets.  The edges of the first to fifth lames are cusped at their centres and at the articulation-points at each side.  The third and main lame is shaped to the point of the knee, and has an oval, centrally-puckered wing, obtusely-pointed at the rear in the case of the left poleyn.  The edge of the wing in both cases has a plain, partial inward turn accompanied by a recessed border except at the pucker.  The point of the knee is decorated with a vertical, elongated, almond-shaped boss, decorated at its apex with file-roping in the case of the right poleyn.  A similar, unroped, horizontal boss decorates the side of each poleyn just in front of the pucker of the wing.  Attached within the wing, just to the front of this boss, by a modern, round-headed rivet with a circular, internal washer is a modern, buff-leather strap that terminates in a single-ended, tongued buckle with an oval loop on the left poleyn, a trapezoidal loop on the right poleyn, and rounded hasps on both.  Each buckle engages a modern strap that passes around the rear of the knee and is attached by a modern, flat-headed rivet decorated with punched, radiating designs to the inner end of the main plate of the poleyn.  The strap of the right poleyn is of buff leather, and that of the left poleyn, of polished leather.  The gutter-shaped sixth lame of each poleyn forms a short shin-defence.  Its inner, lower corner is cut away in a concave curve and decorated at the resultant edge with a plain, partial inward turn accompanied by a recessed border.  The turn on the right poleyn is decorated with file-roping.  Attached by an externally-flush rivet at the lower end of the outer edge of the shin-defence is a single-ended, tongued buckle with a trapezoidal loop and a rounded hasp that engages a modern buff-leather strap that passes around the rear of the calf and is attached within the lower end of the inner edge of the shin-defence by a modern round-headed rivet with a circular, internal washer.  The centre of the lower edge of the right shin-defence is repaired with a welded patch. Part of the composite Spanish armour M.13A-K-1941."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.13G-1941","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.13G-1941"},{"priref":"18209","type":"priref","value":"18209"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18209","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18209"}],"inscription":[{"description":[{"value":"maker's mark consisting of a cross moline divided at its foot"}],"location":"top of right cuisse","method":"struck just to the right of the centre","type":"mark"},{"location":"inside of right cuisse","method":"painted in white","transcription":[{"value":"11(?)68"}],"type":"number"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Given by Mr F.H. Cripps-Day"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149906","uid":"adlib-agent-149906","uuid":"08670c3e-33b6-3062-9cf0-43c0402b1085"},"summary_title":"Cripps-Day, Francis Henry"}],"date":[{"earliest":1941,"latest":1906,"value":"1941-06"}],"method":{"value":"given"},"note":[{"value":"Entry date: 1941-06"}]}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1510,"latest":1510,"precision":"circa","value":"1510"}],"maker":[{"@link":{"qualifier":"possibly","role":[{"value":"production"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149652","uid":"adlib-agent-149652","uuid":"0d4f90dc-b166-3d4b-b0db-25f4118b6e98"},"summary_title":"Unknown"}],"note":[{"value":"Spanish, possibly Aragonese"},{"value":"The cuisses and poleyns are bright with light patination on the left one, and somewhat heavier patches of pitting on the right one."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106256","uid":"adlib-term-106256","uuid":"1bd8ad44-09c2-3c55-825a-635e463bb56b"},"summary_title":"16th Century, Early"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-109044","uid":"adlib-term-109044","uuid":"e1d9a221-a56c-3c4f-8fc7-2c78b68300f9"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Spain"}],"summary_title":"Spain","type":"country"}]],"note":[{"value":"possibly"}],"summary_title":"Aragon"}]}]},"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40136","uid":"adlib-term-40136","uuid":"28e1cd6e-7c25-339f-8cd2-2aaae536a0c5"},"summary_title":"steel"}}],"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-77844","uid":"adlib-term-77844","uuid":"5433da37-709e-390d-aad8-1f58d4a8fa6e"},"summary_title":"cuisses"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-77590","uid":"adlib-term-77590","uuid":"65278af7-329a-3637-a46f-38e9da9dabea"},"summary_title":"poleyns"}}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"From the collection of Dr Bashford Dean, Riverdale, Long Island, New York.  According to a manuscript note by F.H. Cripps-Day, dated December 1926, in his grangerised copy of G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, [section on jacks in volume titled 'mail'], now preserved in the library of the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds, 'I exchanged [a jack] with Dean for a Gothic Spanish suit made up.  I wanted a Gothic suit but parted with a rare piece'.  The jack, from a house in Tonbridge, Kent, is now part of the Bashford Dean Memorial Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Mr Francis Henry Cripps-Day. Part of the composite Spanish armour M.13A-K-1941. Given by Mr F.H. 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The Fourth Park Lane Arms Fair, 20th-21st February, 1987, The Dorchester, Park Lane, London, catalogue produced by Apollo, London, 1987, pp.21-2, ill. on p.20.","page":"pp. 20-2","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1802","uid":"adlib-publication-1802","uuid":"e9fe75e6-8bfc-3dec-abe4-c5518376a691"},"summary_title":"A Man-at-Arms of the late Fifteenth Century"}],"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-77844","uid":"adlib-term-77844","uuid":"5433da37-709e-390d-aad8-1f58d4a8fa6e"},"summary_title":"cuisses"}},"summary_title":"cuisses","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"each formed of a short, gutter-shaped cuisse and a winged poleyn of six medially-ridged lames of which the last extends downwards to form a short shin-defence; hammered, shaped, riveted, decorated with recessed borders, bosses and file-roping"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-28775","uid":"adlib-term-28775","uuid":"bbe63841-d546-33c4-ab44-2958e6dce7b2"},"summary_title":"hammered"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120073","uid":"adlib-term-120073","uuid":"8f03d319-c397-37c8-a0e8-e23ef3cfdbbc"},"summary_title":"patinating"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-25884","uid":"adlib-term-25884","uuid":"86bb7058-7ded-3d65-8de1-80ad064ebbee"},"summary_title":"forming"}}],"type":{"base":"object","type":"SET"}}},{"_index":"ciim","_type":"data","_id":"adlib-object-18267","_score":20.072939,"_source":{"admin":{"added":1592951757000,"created":1312637261000,"flag":"Standard Record","id":"object-18267","indexed":1747160048422,"modified":1714398853000,"processed":1747159409017,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-object-18267","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18267","uuid":"6a13a8d1-6cfc-3b29-87e5-438f2a6a63cc","version":6},"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106608","uid":"adlib-term-106608","uuid":"85afe28f-82f6-3c45-843f-9fa087e98260"},"summary_title":"armour"}],"collection":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108941","uid":"adlib-term-108941","uuid":"bda2218a-91c2-3b79-99c1-49e47cc3aff1"},"summary_title":"J.S. Henderson"}],"component":[{"name":"Crown","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108945","uid":"adlib-term-108945","uuid":"78ba1316-8b78-3d79-8821-856f848986c7"},"summary_title":"medially-ridged"}}]},{"name":"Parts","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-27414","uid":"adlib-term-27414","uuid":"0f64a11c-42b0-3e78-b1cc-6e7f81d59006"},"summary_title":"riveting"}}]}],"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Kettle hat. For field use, probably by the common soldier. Of one-piece construction with a medially-ridged, hemispherical crown, and a deep, down turned, integral brim projecting as a short point at the front.  The edge of the brim has a plain, externally-flush, outward turn.  The top of the brim is encircled by twelve holes for externally-flush lining-rivets of which four remain, lacking their internal heads."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"HEN.M.25-1933","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"HEN.M.25-1933"},{"priref":"18267","type":"priref","value":"18267"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18267","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18267"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"J.S. Henderson Bequest"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-154334","uid":"adlib-agent-154334","uuid":"28c0c8e2-3ec7-3d3a-9e13-b60fa3a6b434"},"summary_title":"Henderson, James Stewart"}],"date":[{"earliest":1933,"latest":1933,"value":"1933-03-16"}],"method":{"value":"bequeathed"},"note":[{"value":"Entry date: 1933-03-16"}]}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1440,"era":["CE"],"latest":1440,"precision":"circa","value":"1440"}],"maker":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149652","uid":"adlib-agent-149652","uuid":"0d4f90dc-b166-3d4b-b0db-25f4118b6e98"},"summary_title":"Unknown"}],"note":[{"value":"The helmet has suffered extensive corrosion, resulting in heavy overall pitting and numerous perforations.  The largest of the latter, namely at the apex, each side and the right rear of the crown, at the top and bottom right of the brim, and at the bottom left of the brim have been repaired with riveted and welded internal patches.  The edge of the brim shows numerous cracks.  A small section of the brim has been replaced towards the rear of the right side."},{"value":"The type of kettle hat with a down turned brim projecting as a point at the front appears, from the evidence of an illumination of an address of the town Prato to Robert of Anjou preserved in the British Library, Royal Ms. E. Ix. fol. 21 (G.F. Laking, A Record of European Armour and Arms, Vol. II, London, 1920, fig. 414) to have been introduced in the 14th century.   A fine example, excavated from the approach to the Grand Louvre, Paris, is identifiable as that  of Charles VI of France in the Inventaire de l'Ecurie du Roi of 1411 (M. Fleury, 'La R\u00e9surrection du Casque Brise de Charles VI', Conaissance des Arts, No. 439, September 1988, pp. 150-5).  This type of kettle hat is seen in 15th century illustrations from France, Flanders, South Germany and especially Spain (Claude Blair, European Armour, London, 1958, p.110) where it evolved into the cabacete (J. G. Mann, 'Note on Armour worn in Spain from the Tenth to the Fifteenth Century', Archaeologia, Vol. LXXXIII, 1933, p. 296, pls. LXXXIII & LXXXVIII).  All these examples, however, have pointed, almond-shaped skulls, whereas the present helmet has a rounded skull with a slight medial ridge characteristic of the period of about 1440.\nDespite its unusual skull form, its light-weight and relatively poor quality, the present helmet appears to be authentic.  In condition, it is reminiscent of pieces derived from the armoury of the Knights of St. John at Rhodes, much of which came into the hands of the 19th century Parisian dealer Louis Bachereau, and was subsequently widely dispersed on the market."},{"value":"Western European"}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107270","uid":"adlib-term-107270","uuid":"98ebf37f-42ba-3d8c-b75f-102d703acef1"},"summary_title":"15th Century"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108963","uid":"adlib-term-108963","uuid":"1fe700c4-66f7-3c5f-bfb8-74069ac8fdec"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Europe"}],"summary_title":"Europe","type":"country"}]],"summary_title":"Europe"}]}]},"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40136","uid":"adlib-term-40136","uuid":"28e1cd6e-7c25-339f-8cd2-2aaae536a0c5"},"summary_title":"steel"}}],"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Depth","units":"cm","value":"33.5"},{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"24.2"},{"dimension":"Weight","units":"kg","value":"1.155"},{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"26.4"}]},"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-77982","uid":"adlib-term-77982","uuid":"6ef2355f-cbc1-3a49-8929-30b1fa23b387"},"summary_title":"kettle hat"}}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"Mr James Stewart Henderson of  'Abbotsford', Downs Road, St Helen's Park, Hastings, Sussex."}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1809","uid":"adlib-publication-1809","uuid":"c679fcbc-7514-3602-bacd-e075bed039e7"},"summary_title":"A Record of European Armour and Arms Through Seven Centuries"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. 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