[{"admin":{"added":1592951266000,"created":1312633275000,"id":"publication-1812","indexed":1616539747653,"modified":1312636474000,"processed":1615826075235,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-publication-1812","uuid":"29ec6739-72c7-305b-98d5-3487dd628028","version":2},"lifecycle":{"publication":[{"date":[{"value":"1929"}],"place":[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"London?"}],"summary_title":"London?"}]}]},"summary_title":"The Armoury of the Castle of Churburg","title":[{"primary":true,"value":"The Armoury of the Castle of Churburg"}],"type":{"base":"publication"}},{"current_page":1,"data":[{"_index":"ciim","_type":"data","_id":"adlib-object-18335","_score":19.313091,"_source":{"admin":{"added":1592960788000,"created":1312637261000,"flag":"Standard Record","id":"object-18335","indexed":1747159659816,"modified":1355504371000,"processed":1747159409017,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-object-18335","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18335","uuid":"53872ed8-44cd-3792-abc0-66fa0b7aaf2f","version":4},"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106608","uid":"adlib-term-106608","uuid":"85afe28f-82f6-3c45-843f-9fa087e98260"},"summary_title":"armour"}],"component":[{"name":"Crown","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108945","uid":"adlib-term-108945","uuid":"78ba1316-8b78-3d79-8821-856f848986c7"},"summary_title":"medially-ridged"}}]},{"name":"Parts","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-27414","uid":"adlib-term-27414","uuid":"0f64a11c-42b0-3e78-b1cc-6e7f81d59006"},"summary_title":"riveting"}}]}],"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"'Venetian' sallet, for field use. Of deep, one-piece construction with a rounded, medially-ridged crown, a short 'tail' over neck, and a T-shaped face-opening reinforced around its margin with a flat strip attached by seven round-headed rivets.  The lower edge of the helmet has a plain outward turn.  The base of the crown is encircled by eighteen externally-flush lining rivets.  Beneath them at either side are a further pair of externally flush rivets for the attachment of a pair of chin-straps.  A pair of holes high up the front of the crown and a single hole at the rear of the crown may have served to secure a crest."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.13-X","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.13-X"},{"priref":"18335","type":"priref","value":"18335"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18335","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18335"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Possibly J.S. Henderson Bequest"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-154334","uid":"adlib-agent-154334","uuid":"28c0c8e2-3ec7-3d3a-9e13-b60fa3a6b434"},"summary_title":"Henderson, James Stewart"}],"date":[{"earliest":1933,"latest":1933,"value":"1933-03-16"}],"method":{"value":"bequeathed"},"note":[{"value":"The helmet was previously identified as forming part of the Henderson Bequest (HEN.M.54-1933), but cannot be identified in the Henderson valuation list."}]}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1450,"from":{"earliest":1450,"era":["CE"],"latest":1450,"precision":"circa","value":"1450"},"latest":1460,"range":true,"to":{"earliest":1460,"era":["CE"],"latest":1460,"value":"1460"}}],"maker":[{"@link":{"qualifier":"probably","role":[{"value":"production"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149652","uid":"adlib-agent-149652","uuid":"0d4f90dc-b166-3d4b-b0db-25f4118b6e98"},"summary_title":"Unknown"}],"note":[{"value":"North Italian, probably Milanese"},{"value":"The helmet is in excavated condition, with severe corrosion overall, resulting in large perforations at the left of the neck, a small perforation at the right of the neck and the loss of the top of the crown which has been replaced by coloured plaster."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107270","uid":"adlib-term-107270","uuid":"98ebf37f-42ba-3d8c-b75f-102d703acef1"},"summary_title":"15th Century"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106511","uid":"adlib-term-106511","uuid":"0677a51e-a816-3f2c-bd69-4dde898eab76"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Italy"}],"summary_title":"Italy","type":"country"}]],"summary_title":"Milan"}]}]},"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40136","uid":"adlib-term-40136","uuid":"28e1cd6e-7c25-339f-8cd2-2aaae536a0c5"},"summary_title":"steel"}}],"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Depth","units":"cm","value":"26.3"},{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"28.0"},{"dimension":"Weight","units":"kg","value":"2.82"},{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"20.0"}]},"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-109066","uid":"adlib-term-109066","uuid":"217e2ef5-9d8e-3e20-a878-59acbe5805cc"},"summary_title":"'Venetian' sallet"}}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"Possibly Mr James Stewart Henderson of  'Abbotsford', Downs Road, St Helen's Park, Hastings, Sussex."}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. The 'Iron Helmet' listed by H. A. Chapman, p. 13, is probably the present sallet.","page":"p. 13","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1815","uid":"adlib-publication-1815","uuid":"8f806287-4ffa-3de0-9cbb-d9b0c72a9019"},"summary_title":"A Handbook to the Collection of Antiquities and Other Objects Exhibited in the Fitzwilliam Museum"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. For general study of this type of sallet see p. 85","page":"p. 85","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1803","uid":"adlib-publication-1803","uuid":"f01ead2b-f401-31df-8fb6-0f66b5ba3d25"},"summary_title":"European Armour"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. Sallets of this type are depicted in the sculptured reliefs of the Triumphal Arch of Alphonso of Aragon at the Castel Nuovo, Naples, c. 1455-8, fig. 345, see also for a general study of this type of sallet, pp. 3-20","page":"pp. 3-20","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1809","uid":"adlib-publication-1809","uuid":"c679fcbc-7514-3602-bacd-e075bed039e7"},"summary_title":"A Record of European Armour and Arms Through Seven Centuries"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1812","uid":"adlib-publication-1812","uuid":"29ec6739-72c7-305b-98d5-3487dd628028"},"summary_title":"The Armoury of the Castle of Churburg"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. Comparable sallets, with reinforced T-shaped face-openings, can be recorded in the armoury of the Glasgow Art Gallery and Museum, cat. no. 58, p. 9, figs. 1-4 & 7","page":"p. 9","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200000655","uid":"adlib-publication-200000655","uuid":"951b758c-690a-3b40-86a1-0daee20a00b6"},"summary_title":"Three Armours in the Scott Collection"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1749","uid":"adlib-publication-1749","uuid":"15677961-7e0c-3b15-896c-78a5119e6b1d"},"summary_title":"Wallace Collection Catalogues:  European Arms and Armour"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1811","uid":"adlib-publication-1811","uuid":"7cdb8cd2-00db-349a-8272-b3fa6227c61f"},"summary_title":"European Armour in the Tower of London"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1814","uid":"adlib-publication-1814","uuid":"2f8486c9-ea49-37e0-84cc-9699dbe2c808"},"summary_title":"Armi Antiche dal Museo Civico L. Marzoli"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. Comparable sallets, with reinforced T-shaped face-openings, can be recorded in the armoury of the Glasgow Art Gallery and Museum, pp. 267-8. pls. LVI-LVII","page":"pp. 267-8","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200000656","uid":"adlib-publication-200000656","uuid":"79847cd8-2f4f-3c91-8308-05dc714282a4"},"summary_title":"A Barbuta at Glasgow: A Problem of Identification"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. Comparable sallets, with reinforced T-shaped face-openings, can be recorded in the armoury of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, p. 23, Cat. No. 1, Acc. No. 42.50.15, and are depicted in the sculptured reliefs in an intarsia panel from the wainscotting of the studio of Duke Federigo da Montefeltro at Gubbio, now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, c. 1480-5, p. 23, fig. 9","page":"p. 23","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1813","uid":"adlib-publication-1813","uuid":"cec58dc7-be51-3f7a-bb93-d3a63187799d"},"summary_title":"The Art of Chivalry: European Arms and Armour from the Metropolitan Museum of Art"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200000657","uid":"adlib-publication-200000657","uuid":"53b7ebeb-e9b5-33f2-9e14-49fe7b7e9888"},"summary_title":"Ancient Italian Pieces in the Kienbusch Collection"}],"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-109066","uid":"adlib-term-109066","uuid":"217e2ef5-9d8e-3e20-a878-59acbe5805cc"},"summary_title":"'Venetian' sallet"}},"summary_title":"'Venetian' sallet","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"of deep, one-piece construction with a rounded, medially-ridged crown, a short 'tail' over neck, and a T-shaped face-opening reinforced around its margin with a flat strip attached by seven round-headed rivets; hammered, shaped, riveted"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-28775","uid":"adlib-term-28775","uuid":"bbe63841-d546-33c4-ab44-2958e6dce7b2"},"summary_title":"hammered"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-25884","uid":"adlib-term-25884","uuid":"86bb7058-7ded-3d65-8de1-80ad064ebbee"},"summary_title":"forming"}}],"type":{"base":"object","type":"OBJECT"}}},{"_index":"ciim","_type":"data","_id":"adlib-object-18364","_score":19.313091,"_source":{"admin":{"added":1592999391000,"created":1312637261000,"flag":"Standard Record","id":"object-18364","indexed":1747159785943,"modified":1618401642000,"processed":1747159409017,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-object-18364","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18364","uuid":"1bb3c053-72c6-3a08-9a67-439cb99587d3","version":8},"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106608","uid":"adlib-term-106608","uuid":"85afe28f-82f6-3c45-843f-9fa087e98260"},"summary_title":"armour"}],"component":[{"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40902","uid":"adlib-term-40902","uuid":"ec39a220-e629-3548-92f0-14937d5d3167"},"summary_title":"leather"}}],"name":"Lining-band"},{"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40902","uid":"adlib-term-40902","uuid":"ec39a220-e629-3548-92f0-14937d5d3167"},"summary_title":"leather"}}],"name":"Loops"},{"name":"Decoration","techniques":[{"note":[{"value":"lines"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-26908","uid":"adlib-term-26908","uuid":"93db4eba-7855-3a51-a5b6-3c0d8390f722"},"summary_title":"incising"}}]},{"name":"Parts","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-27411","uid":"adlib-term-27411","uuid":"d5416ce2-4425-321c-af5c-8cb76b80a1b0"},"summary_title":"riveted"}}]}],"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Sallet, with a moveable visor, for heavy field use. Formed of a one-piece skull with a long 'tail' over the neck, and a pivoted demi-visor.  The skull has a rounded crown with a broad, medial keel at its apex, narrowing to a medial ridge at the front and rear.  The centre of the keel is pierced with a large, circular hole between a pair of rivet-holes for the attachment of a threaded boss to receive a crest.  The lower edge of the skull has a plain outward turn except at the front where it is cut away as a shallow face-opening that widens towards the bottom.  The straight upper edge of the face-opening, which is flanged outwards very slightly and decorated at its edge with a single incised line, forms the upper edge of the vision-slit.  Just above the level of the vision-slit, the skull is encircled by a series of twenty-one lining-rivets beneath a single, decorative incised line.  The front nine rivets are externally flush with flat internal heads, while the remainder are round-headed with circular internal washers of which two are missing.  The rivets and washers are all replaced, as are the buff-leather lining-band and the buff-leather loops for chin-straps at either side that they retain.  A similar pair of round-headed rivets with circular internal washers retaining a buff-leather suspension-loop within the nape are likewise replaced.  Five pairs of small holes around the lower edge of the skull and another to either side of the face-opening served to sew in the lining.  A single hole at either side of the face-opening and a corresponding hole at either side of the visor, which served as construction-holes during manufacture, have been plugged with rivets.  At the right lower corner of the face-opening is a push-button-operated spring-catch that engages a hole in the right lower corner of the visor.  The mushroom-shaped push-button is probably replaced, as are the pair of small, round-headed rivets that retain the flat internal spring.  The visor is attached by a pair of large, riveted, round-headed pivots.  Its lower edge has a plain outward turn matching and continuing that of the skull.  The straight, central section of the upper edge of the visor forms the lower edge of the vision-slit.  It is flanged inwards and projects forward very slightly as a 'lip'.  The rear of the visor is decorated at either side with a cusp.  The upward-angled arms of the visor are decorated at their terminals with scalloped edges, and further down with a single incised line, overlaying that which encircles the skull. Bought together with the bevor M.4B-1939"}],"exhibitions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"exhibition-1308","uid":"adlib-exhibition-1308","uuid":"b19890ae-a212-36a4-be1c-c37c7e064afd"},"summary_title":"Exhibition of Gothic Art"}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.4A-1939","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.4A-1939"},{"priref":"18364","type":"priref","value":"18364"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18364","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18364"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Friends of the Fitzwilliam Museum, National Art-Collections Fund and Mr E. Evelyn Barron, M.A., L.L.G., Peterhouse"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149645","uid":"adlib-agent-149645","uuid":"10925b71-6838-30f7-a8dd-b68a2afaa14d"},"summary_title":"The Friends of the Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"date":[{"earliest":1939,"latest":1939,"value":"1939-07-12"}],"method":{"value":"given"},"note":[{"value":"Entry date: 1939-07-12"}]}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1480,"from":{"earliest":1480,"era":["CE"],"latest":1480,"precision":"circa","value":"1480"},"latest":1490,"range":true,"to":{"earliest":1490,"era":["CE"],"latest":1490,"value":"1490"}}],"maker":[{"@link":{"qualifier":"possibly","role":[{"value":"production"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149652","uid":"adlib-agent-149652","uuid":"0d4f90dc-b166-3d4b-b0db-25f4118b6e98"},"summary_title":"Unknown"}],"note":[{"value":"A similar sallet of the same series is preserved in the Royal Armouries Museum, Leeds (Inv. No. IV. 499), while another formerly belonging to Sir James Mann, is on loan to that museum from his grandson, Sir James Picthorne.  Both sallets, like the present, were sold from the Ratibor Collection, Schloss Grafenegg.  The sallet is closely comparable in its form and details to one bearing the maker's mark of J\u00f6rg Wagner of Innsbruck in the armoury of Schloss Churburg.  South Tyrol (O. Trapp & J. G. Mann, The Armoury of the Castle of Churburg, London, 1929, No. 62, and B. Thomas & O. Gamber, Die Innsbrucker Plattnerkunst, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck, 1954, p. 56, pl. 16, No. 20.\nA further, unmarked sallet of this type can be recorded in the Collezione Odescalchi, Rome, Inv. No. 733 (N. di Carpegna, Antiche Armi dal Sec. IX al XVIII Gi\u00e0 Collezione Odescalchi, Rome, 1969, p. 9, No. 30)."},{"value":"South German, possibly Innsbruck"},{"value":"The helmet is bright with some acid-cleaned pitting, especially on the top and sides of the skull, and the front of the visor.  The inside of the helmet is painted red in a manner characteristic of items from the Ratibor Collection."},{"value":"This type of helmet was very popular in the second half of the 15th century and was either worn on its own or with a bevor, a separate piece of armour covering the chin and the front of the neck, as here. \n\nThe bevor was essential when this type of helmet was used for a type of jousting on horseback called, in Germany, the Scharfrennen, which was contested in an open field using sharp lances."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106437","uid":"adlib-term-106437","uuid":"59e72604-922d-3194-ac46-27c1c5ac76a4"},"summary_title":"15th Century, 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Lent to the Fitzwilliam Museum by Major H. D. Barnes, O.B.E., F.S.A., August 1936."}],"objects":[{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-18368","uid":"adlib-object-18368","uuid":"d0d9b8da-5831-307c-9740-e2c28c4c5bcc"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-77541","uid":"adlib-term-77541","uuid":"834f90f6-f825-3fe2-b491-5a642e5869a0"},"summary_title":"bevor"}},"summary_title":"bevor"}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1823","uid":"adlib-publication-1823","uuid":"9aedd054-c45e-3035-a2a9-e912c0432e86"},"summary_title":"Friends of the Fitzwilliam Museum, Thirty-first Annual Report, for the Year 1939"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1824","uid":"adlib-publication-1824","uuid":"90c1e1e1-007b-3929-ac47-c90e35baf9c5"},"summary_title":"National Art-Collections Fund Thirty-sixth Annual Report 1939"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-15","uid":"adlib-publication-15","uuid":"a688918a-bb81-3998-99cc-81244715767d"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum, An Illustrated Survey"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1812","uid":"adlib-publication-1812","uuid":"29ec6739-72c7-305b-98d5-3487dd628028"},"summary_title":"The Armoury of the Castle of Churburg"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. The sallet is closely comparable in its form and details to one bearing the maker's mark of J\u00f6rg Wagner of Innsbruck in the armoury of Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck, p. 56, pl. 16, No. 20.","page":"p. 56","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1825","uid":"adlib-publication-1825","uuid":"7eb784f6-2dcf-340e-9023-06af938eb385"},"summary_title":"Die Innsbr\u00fccker Plattnerkunst"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. A further unmarked sallet of this type can be recorded in the Collezione Odescalchi, Rome, Inv. No. 733, p. 9, no. 30","page":"p. 9","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1826","uid":"adlib-publication-1826","uuid":"a19be872-d10e-3cfe-ba94-871662a34966"},"summary_title":"Antiche Armi dal Sec. IX al XVIII Gi\u00e0 Collezione Odescalchi"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-7929","uid":"adlib-publication-7929","uuid":"9c85fe13-e0a7-3dd5-9300-cbfda2cc1680"},"summary_title":"National Art Collections Fund Forty-Fifth Annual Report 1948"}],"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-77995","uid":"adlib-term-77995","uuid":"dfb90323-7323-38e1-83dd-21bd8c751649"},"summary_title":"sallet"}},"summary_title":"sallet","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"formed of a one-piece skull with a long 'tail' over the neck, and a pivoted demi-visor; hammered, shaped, riveted, decorated with incised lines and scalloped edges"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-28775","uid":"adlib-term-28775","uuid":"bbe63841-d546-33c4-ab44-2958e6dce7b2"},"summary_title":"hammered"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-25884","uid":"adlib-term-25884","uuid":"86bb7058-7ded-3d65-8de1-80ad064ebbee"},"summary_title":"forming"}}],"type":{"base":"object","type":"OBJECT"}}},{"_index":"ciim","_type":"data","_id":"adlib-object-18355","_score":19.313091,"_source":{"admin":{"added":1592999391000,"created":1312637261000,"flag":"Standard Record","id":"object-18355","indexed":1747160048046,"modified":1710347776000,"processed":1747159409017,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-object-18355","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18355","uuid":"0e6f2cf2-520a-38f8-b096-2ec0e4271556","version":6},"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106608","uid":"adlib-term-106608","uuid":"85afe28f-82f6-3c45-843f-9fa087e98260"},"summary_title":"armour"}],"component":[{"name":"Crown","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108945","uid":"adlib-term-108945","uuid":"78ba1316-8b78-3d79-8821-856f848986c7"},"summary_title":"medially-ridged"}}]},{"name":"Parts","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-27414","uid":"adlib-term-27414","uuid":"0f64a11c-42b0-3e78-b1cc-6e7f81d59006"},"summary_title":"riveting"}}]}],"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"'Venetian' sallet, for field use, later adapted to pageant use. Of deep, one-piece construction with a rounded, medially-ridged crown, a short 'tail' over the neck, and a wide, arched face-opening narrowing slightly towards the bottom.  The apex of the crown is pierced with a large keyhole slot for the attachment of a crest.  The base of the crown is encircled by thirteen holes for lining-rivets. Beneath them at either side are a further pair of rivet-holes for the attachment of a pair of chin-straps.  A pair of rivet-holes also exist at each of the upper corners of the face-opening for the attachment of a reinforcing-strip.  Three holes at the brow, two at the nape and another eight at the lower edge of the helmet have been pierced subsequent to manufacture for the attachment of applied ornament.  The lower edge of the helmet and of the face-opening have been trimmed at the same time."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"M.1.5-1936","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"M.1.5-1936"},{"priref":"18355","type":"priref","value":"18355"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18355","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/18355"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Given by Mrs E.W. Stead & Mr. Gilbert Stead"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-154331","uid":"adlib-agent-154331","uuid":"e793eec1-5e96-3ef9-910e-3ff35e50f9b2"},"summary_title":"Stead, E. W. and Gilbert"}],"date":[{"earliest":1936,"latest":1936,"value":"1936-01-15"}],"method":{"value":"given"},"note":[{"value":"Entry date: 1936-01-15"}]}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1450,"from":{"earliest":1450,"era":["CE"],"latest":1450,"precision":"circa","value":"1450"},"latest":1460,"range":true,"to":{"earliest":1460,"era":["CE"],"latest":1460,"value":"1460"}}],"maker":[{"@link":{"qualifier":"probably","role":[{"value":"production"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149652","uid":"adlib-agent-149652","uuid":"0d4f90dc-b166-3d4b-b0db-25f4118b6e98"},"summary_title":"Unknown"}],"note":[{"value":"North Italian"},{"value":"The helmet is pitted and patinated overall."},{"value":"This helmet, known as a sallet, was based on those used by the Romans and Greeks and were very fashionable in the second half of the 15th century. The lower edge and the face-opening of this helmet have been trimmed and extra rivet holes made indicating that it has been altered for use in pageants, probably in Venice where such helmets continued to be used in parades until at least the 18th century."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-118913","uid":"adlib-term-118913","uuid":"da4525bb-b265-33e3-960f-8c1e70f808ea"},"summary_title":"15th Century, Mid"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106511","uid":"adlib-term-106511","uuid":"0677a51e-a816-3f2c-bd69-4dde898eab76"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Italy"}],"summary_title":"Italy","type":"country"}]],"summary_title":"Milan"}]}]},"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"around 0.3% C, consisting of ferrite and pearlite with slag inclusions. See Documentation, Williams, 2002."}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-40286","uid":"adlib-term-40286","uuid":"8fc73caf-f6db-304c-8880-bd6a706a6101"},"summary_title":"low-carbon steel"}}],"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Depth","units":"cm","value":"24"},{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"26"},{"dimension":"Weight","units":"kg","value":"2.075"},{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"19"}]},"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-109066","uid":"adlib-term-109066","uuid":"217e2ef5-9d8e-3e20-a878-59acbe5805cc"},"summary_title":"'Venetian' sallet"}},{"value":"barbuta"}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"The Eglinton Collection, sold Christie's, London, 25 July 1922, lot 21, \u00a3131.5s.  Mrs E.W. Stead & Mr. Gilbert Stead of Dalston Hall, Cumberland"}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. p. 115, illustrated with the microstructure, indicating that it is a low-carbon steel which has been air-cooled after fabrication","page":"115","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3690","uid":"adlib-publication-3690","uuid":"ad19839d-7d8b-368e-acbb-c6dcba6f2f0c"},"summary_title":"The Knight and the Blast Furnace, A History of the Metallurgy of Armour in the Middle Ages and the Modern Period"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1812","uid":"adlib-publication-1812","uuid":"29ec6739-72c7-305b-98d5-3487dd628028"},"summary_title":"The Armoury of the Castle of Churburg"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. The sallet can be compared with examples preserved in the armoury of the Wallace Collection, London, p. 93, pl. 55, Cat. No. A70, all of which have a fairly weak medial ridge and a relatively 'upright' form, contrasting them with later examples, made from about 1470 onwards, which have a stronger medial ridge and a somewhat 'swept' form at the nape.","page":"p. 93","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1749","uid":"adlib-publication-1749","uuid":"15677961-7e0c-3b15-896c-78a5119e6b1d"},"summary_title":"Wallace Collection Catalogues:  European Arms and Armour"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1821","uid":"adlib-publication-1821","uuid":"c93ba7f3-6aaa-38aa-8ac5-bf6e2b5831c3"},"summary_title":"L'Arte dell'Armatura in Italia"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. The sallet can be compared with examples preserved in the armoury of the Museo Civico L. Marzoli, Brescia, pp. 39, 41, Cat. 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Marzoli"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1822","uid":"adlib-publication-1822","uuid":"2ff94a95-c4e7-37ab-95f7-b1dc9c4e309f"},"summary_title":"The Armoury at Konopiste Castle"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200000657","uid":"adlib-publication-200000657","uuid":"53b7ebeb-e9b5-33f2-9e14-49fe7b7e9888"},"summary_title":"Ancient Italian Pieces in the Kienbusch Collection"}],"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-109066","uid":"adlib-term-109066","uuid":"217e2ef5-9d8e-3e20-a878-59acbe5805cc"},"summary_title":"'Venetian' sallet"}},"summary_title":"'Venetian' sallet","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"of deep, one-piece construction with a rounded, medially-ridged crown, a short 'tail' over the neck, and a wide, arched face-opening narrowing slightly towards the bottom; hammered, shaped, riveted"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-28775","uid":"adlib-term-28775","uuid":"bbe63841-d546-33c4-ab44-2958e6dce7b2"},"summary_title":"hammered"}},{"note":[{"value":"after fabrication"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-113761","uid":"adlib-term-113761","uuid":"8ec2f1f7-7ae4-32c2-876d-3311cb9a6199"},"summary_title":"air-cooled"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-25884","uid":"adlib-term-25884","uuid":"86bb7058-7ded-3d65-8de1-80ad064ebbee"},"summary_title":"forming"}}],"type":{"base":"object","type":"OBJECT"}}}],"first_page_url":"?page=1","from":1,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"?page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"« Previous","active":false},{"url":"?page=1","label":"1","active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next »","active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"","per_page":24,"prev_page_url":null,"to":3,"total":3}]