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Steps lead up to a stage on which three men are blowing trumpets, one beats a drum and a woman is seated. The stage is framed by yellow and red candy striped columns, with another in the centre, each topped by a lamp, between which red curtains are gathered up. Above is a moulded panel with an elephant, bearing a castle on its back, between two trees; on each tree is a monkey in high relief. Round the panel, on a ribbon, runs the inscription THE . LARGEST . COLLECTION. OF. ANIMALS .WOMBELL\u2019S. IMMENSE. MENAGERIE. OF. WILD. BEATS. ETC. The back is flat, glazed and unpainted. The underside is flat and glazed, with two pad feet at the back corners ; the scrolls form feet at the front."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"C.961-1928","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"C.961-1928"},{"priref":"76456","type":"priref","value":"76456"},{"date":[{"earliest":1923,"latest":1923,"value":"1923"}],"source":"Glaisher MS catalogue, Volume:  11","type":"old object number","value":"3202"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/76456","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/76456"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Dr J.W L. 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A cheaper alternative to porcelain figures, they were often produced by small potteries; very few are marked. Classical or literary subjects were frequently copied from porcelain examples, but potters increasingly turned to scenes from everyday life and topical events. Early figure groups are often complex, including modelled and moulded parts, applied decoration and partially decorated backs. As demand increased, processes were streamlined to allow mass production and by c.1835 earlier methods had largely given way to three-part press-moulding. The flat back, relatively simple moulding and fewer modelled parts here suggest an early 1830s date."},{"value":"Pottery models of Wombwell\u2019s and Polito\u2019s Menageries were equally popular, and there are a number of surviving examples. Versions on different table or other bases suggest they were made by several potters and sometimes the figures seem to have been made by different potters and\/or moulds shared between potteries, perhaps to save costs.  Figures of individual menagerie animals were also common."},{"value":"Travelling menageries were popular in England from the late 18th Century. Exotic animals, such as lions and elephants had previously only been seen in aristocratic collections; now menageries took them out to the general public. From c.1830s, with the addition of animal tamers\u2019 tricks, brass bands and human performers, the shows evolved into what we now know as circus. Stephani Polito bought the Exeter Change Menagerie, already established in London, c.1810. He died in 1814, but Polito\u2019s Menagerie continued until c.1836. George Wombwell started his first menagerie c.1807 and by 1839 Wombwell\u2019s Menagerie included 15 wagons of animals; by 1850 there were three shows touring;  the business continued until 1884. 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Dr Glaisher paid \u00a3125 for this and fourteen other  pieces, as part of a purchase of 35 figures and figure groups."}],"objects":[{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-76465","uid":"adlib-object-76465","uuid":"0c4fcc1e-49c1-3b1b-ac0e-be26d359489b"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-110220","uid":"adlib-term-110220","uuid":"e22d3544-a393-3f19-9be4-dc2632ca9942"},"summary_title":"figure group"}},"summary_title":"figure group"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-76466","uid":"adlib-object-76466","uuid":"1fcde2cf-2df6-3a04-974e-12e7f12e8966"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-110220","uid":"adlib-term-110220","uuid":"e22d3544-a393-3f19-9be4-dc2632ca9942"},"summary_title":"figure group"}},"summary_title":"figure group"}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. 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Glaisher"}],"component":[{"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"blue, green, yellow, pink, flesh-pink, red, brown, grey, and black"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-32638","uid":"adlib-term-32638","uuid":"97b8d1a5-7b8f-3a2a-a275-7d001aeaae2b"},"summary_title":"enamel"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107733","uid":"adlib-term-107733","uuid":"00160189-e3ce-3796-a88b-5aa8d6c808c4"},"summary_title":"lead-glaze"}}],"name":"Decoration","techniques":[{"note":[{"value":"in blue, green, yellow, pink, flesh-pink, red, brown, grey, and black enamels"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106226","uid":"adlib-term-106226","uuid":"194567f2-2bcd-3446-ae31-652386611815"},"summary_title":"painting"}}]},{"name":"Parts","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"earthenware, moulded and modelled, lead glazed and  painted overglaze in blue, green, yellow, pink, flesh-pink, red, brown, grey, and black enamels"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-111179","uid":"adlib-term-111179","uuid":"be5c887b-c0ed-3d89-82b2-c3a870e72a68"},"summary_title":"moulding"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-121246","uid":"adlib-term-121246","uuid":"cd0cb1a4-68fa-396e-a2f5-856490890cd3"},"summary_title":"modelling"}}]}],"content":{"motifs":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-24306","uid":"adlib-term-24306","uuid":"baea8705-187b-3229-a6f9-73c5ef1a1de4"},"summary_title":"entertaining"}]},"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Earthenware figure group, moulded and modelled, lead glazed and painted with polychrome enamels."},{"value":"Stafforshire table-base group representing Polito\u2019s Menagerie. The table base has six feet and  is painted brown, with relief polychrome garlands all around. A yellow and brown booth stands on it; there are three lamps and gathered curtains along the front of the roof and a brown flight of steps centre front. In the middle, a woman is coming out of a door, there are two children in front of her. To the right are the showman, a boy playing a drum and two trumpeters in long coats ; to the left are a woman in a feathered hat and a man who winds a barrel-organ on which a monkey is seated. Above the booth is a tall fa\u00e7ade with an elephant with a castle on its back, two monkeys in trees, a lion and a tiger, all moulded in relief. The fa\u00e7ade carries modelled birds and monkeys along the top of a ribbon with the impressed inscription:  \u2018POLITOS \/ MENAGERIE OF THE MOST WONDERFUL BURDS AND BEASTS FROM MOST PART OF THE WORLD, LION etc.\u2019. The \u2018S\u2019 of \u2018POLITOS\u2019 is reversed. The back is flat, curving up the back of the fa\u00e7ade and painted brown. The underside is glazed but unpainted, with three circular vent holes."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"C.965-1928","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"C.965-1928"},{"priref":"76465","type":"priref","value":"76465"},{"source":"Glaisher MS Catalogue, vol. 24","type":"old object number","value":"4211"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/76465","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/76465"}],"inscription":[{"type":"no visible mark"},{"location":"underside of base","method":"rectangular paper label handwritten in black ink","transcription":[{"value":"No. 4211. Staffordshire group of Polito\u2019s Menagerie. It is practically perfect. b. in London June 15 1923"}],"type":"label"},{"description":[{"value":"The \u2018S\u2019 of \u2018POLITOS\u2019 is reversed"}],"location":"on front","method":"impressed","transcription":[{"value":"POLITOS\/ MENAGERIE OF THE WONDERFULL BURDS AND BEASTS FROM MOST (PART OF) THE WORLD LIONS & C"}],"type":"inscription"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Dr J.W.L. Glaisher Bequest"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-152564","uid":"adlib-agent-152564","uuid":"c20df94d-f096-3e0b-a9b5-6ddd12161fb7"},"summary_title":"Glaisher, J. W. 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Early groups are often complex, with modelled and moulded parts, applied decoration and partially decorated backs. As demand increased, processes were streamlined for mass production and by c.1835 three-part press-moulding had largely replaced  earlier methods. Table-base groups, on four or six short legs, were made from c.1825-35; probably by just a few makers. They have in the past been attributed to Obadaiah Sherratt of Burslem, but without clear evidence. The large number of modelled figures here suggests a late 1820s date."},{"value":"Pottery models of Wombwell\u2019s and Polito\u2019s Menageries were equally popular, and there are a number of surviving examples. Versions on different table or other bases suggest they were made by several potters and sometimes the figures seem to have been made by different potters and\/or moulds shared between potteries, perhaps to save costs.  Figures of individual menagerie animals were also common."},{"value":"Travelling menageries were popular in England from the late 18th Century. Exotic animals, such as lions and elephants had previously only been seen in aristocratic collections; now menageries took them out to the general public. From c.1830s, with the addition of animal tamers\u2019 tricks, brass bands and human performers, the shows evolved into what we now know as circus. Stephani Polito bought the Exeter Change Menagerie, already established in London c.1810. He died in 1814, but Polito\u2019s Menagerie continued until c.1836. 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