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Educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge, he entered Parliament in 1781 and was appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1782. He served as Prime Minister between 1783\u20131801 (the youngest in British history) and 1804\u201306. His death mask was the basis for this posthumous bust as well as for the full-length statue in the Senate House, Cambridge."},{"value":"The sculptor Nollekens was trained in London by Peter Scheemakers. He then spent eight years in Rome (1762\u201370) working with Bartolomeo Cavaceppi restoring and copying antique marbles. On his return to England, he quickly gained a reputation for classicising portrait busts, monuments, and architectural sculpture. He became a Royal Academician in 1772 and continued to exhibit there until 1816. Nollekens was extremely prolific and successful but lived meanly, and was described unflatteringly as a miser by his biographer J.T. Smith. Smith stated that Nollekens and his workshop produced 74 marble versions of this particular bust which were sold at 120 guineas each, and 600 plaster casts sold at 6 guineas each. Given that the Fitzwilliam\u2019s version is signed and dated 1806, it is likely to be amongst the first carved."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106498","uid":"adlib-term-106498","uuid":"272179a1-524b-3f36-aab7-bf342ce484d6"},"summary_title":"19th Century, Early"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106216","uid":"adlib-term-106216","uuid":"825b8379-ec94-388e-9a59-624e40c090d0"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"England"}],"summary_title":"England","type":"country"}]],"note":[{"value":"possibly London"}],"summary_title":"London"}]}]},"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-37963","uid":"adlib-term-37963","uuid":"929f6c25-5677-3624-90d4-f6d882da98ec"},"summary_title":"white marble"}}],"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-23035","uid":"adlib-term-23035","uuid":"f9693b6b-2e4a-3666-acf8-973403f65fce"},"summary_title":"bust"}}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"Formerly at Orwell Park, Suffolk; bought by Messrs Leonard Partridge, London, from whom it was bought by the donor."}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"project":[{"@link":{"role":[{"value":"reference number"}],"type":"literal"},"name":[{"type":"name","value":"Sculpture UK"}],"summary_title":"Sculpture UK"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. p. 101, no. 158","page":"p. 101","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-709","uid":"adlib-publication-709","uuid":"b6198d7b-a068-312d-bee5-3a4f7c0b71a5"},"summary_title":"Catalogue of Cambridge Portraits I The University Collection"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-125","uid":"adlib-publication-125","uuid":"603c8dec-633d-3407-800f-0f5c83f5a4ab"},"summary_title":"Treasures of Cambridge (Illustrations)"},{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. p. 14","page":"p. 14","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-2454","uid":"adlib-publication-2454","uuid":"9017622a-4320-38c0-b51b-bb433ac8a5fe"},"summary_title":"The Daily Telegraph, 17 March 1959"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-2456","uid":"adlib-publication-2456","uuid":"4484128f-702f-3b35-bd2b-6d7adced6664"},"summary_title":"Sotheby's Sale Catalogue, 16th November 1962"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. 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In 1747 he moved to Rome and then c.1750 moved to Florence. He returned to England in 1755 with the architect William Chambers, whose friendship helped him to gain important patrons. He was a talented portraitist. Wilton was one of the Foundation Members of the Royal Academy in 1768, and in 1790 became its third Keeper of collections."},{"value":"This portrait, in a style inspired by the busts of ancient Greece and Rome, is undated but may have been made in 1766, the year when Pitt became first Earl of Chatham and the Stamp Act (a direct tax on the American colonies) was repealed. This made Pitt popular in the American colonies in the run-up to the American War of Independence (1775\u201383). A similar bust in terracotta, which may be the model for this, was given to Harvard University (Cambridge, Massachusetts) in 1769 by Benjamin Franklin (1706\u201390), one of the Founding Fathers of the United States."},{"value":"William Pitt was a politician of the Whig party who actively encouraged the expansion of British territories overseas in direct competition with France and Spain. Called \u2018The Great Commoner\u2019 because of his refusal to accept an aristocratic title until 1766, he is best known as the informal political leader of Britain during the Seven Years' War, a global conflict fought between 1756 and 1763. Victory for Britain altered the balance of power in Europe and ended French dominance over world affairs."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106400","uid":"adlib-term-106400","uuid":"3e80c102-1483-3c39-b2f4-67e333d653d8"},"summary_title":"18th Century"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107139","uid":"adlib-term-107139","uuid":"9fd5ef13-3709-388f-b925-702787340e32"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"England"}],"summary_title":"England","type":"country"}]],"summary_title":"England"}]}]},"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-37963","uid":"adlib-term-37963","uuid":"929f6c25-5677-3624-90d4-f6d882da98ec"},"summary_title":"white marble"}}],"multimedia":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"media-15810","uid":"adlib-media-15810","uuid":"b58c73a0-423f-39f4-a219-3237243eecaa"},"processed":{"large":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/M_65_1937.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":760},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":590}]},"modified":1702926422510,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"mid":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/mid_M_65_1937.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":644},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":500}]},"modified":1702926422510,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"original":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/M_65_1937.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":760},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":590}]},"modified":1702926422510,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"preview":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/preview_M_65_1937.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":322},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":250}]},"modified":1702926422510,"resizable":true,"type":"image"}},"sort":"0","type":{"base":"media","type":"image"}},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"media-2910163144","source":"portfolio","uid":"portfolio-media-2910163144","uuid":"bfda1499-f610-3aa2-9a42-5b216331dcf6"},"processed":{"large":{"format":"jpeg","location":"portfolio\/F25982D9_7CB9_CFFF_028E_8BBFC531887C\/534\/511\/large_M_65_1937_1_mas.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":1294},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":1024}]},"modified":1530010652000,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"mid":{"format":"jpeg","location":"portfolio\/F25982D9_7CB9_CFFF_028E_8BBFC531887C\/534\/511\/mid_M_65_1937_1_mas.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":632},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":500}]},"modified":1530010652000,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"original":{"location":"M.65-1937_1_mas.tif","modified":1530010652000,"processed":true,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"preview":{"format":"jpeg","location":"portfolio\/F25982D9_7CB9_CFFF_028E_8BBFC531887C\/534\/511\/preview_M_65_1937_1_mas.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":316},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":250}]},"modified":1530010652000,"resizable":true,"type":"image"}},"sort":"1","source":{"title":[{"primary":true,"type":"main title","value":"Marble bust of William Pitt, by Joseph Wilton"}]},"type":{"base":"media","type":"image"}}],"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-23035","uid":"adlib-term-23035","uuid":"f9693b6b-2e4a-3666-acf8-973403f65fce"},"summary_title":"bust"}}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"Collection of the Duke of Newcastle at Clumber Park. 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