[{"admin":{"added":1592964492000,"created":1312636875000,"id":"publication-3175","indexed":1756836092950,"modified":1756820443000,"processed":1756836091183,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-publication-3175","uuid":"ab8fd5be-66f6-3413-aa8c-217219863fd3","version":3},"lifecycle":{"publication":[{"date":[{"value":"1930"}],"place":[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"London"}],"summary_title":"London"}]}]},"summary_title":"Catalogue of a Collection of Italian Maiolica belonging to Henry Harris","title":[{"primary":true,"value":"Catalogue of a Collection of Italian Maiolica belonging to Henry Harris"}],"type":{"base":"publication"}},{"current_page":1,"data":[{"_index":"ciim","_type":"data","_id":"adlib-object-79589","_score":19.313091,"_source":{"admin":{"added":1592970439000,"created":1312637261000,"flag":"Standard Record","id":"object-79589","indexed":1756836093015,"modified":1756820443000,"processed":1756836091215,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-object-79589","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/79589","uuid":"43093897-a7fc-378f-a268-3572433e298d","version":11},"agents":[{"@link":{"relation":"person","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-160374","uid":"adlib-agent-160374","uuid":"2b38ae2f-690b-3048-b9c7-0da25326ee3f"},"summary_title":"Hero"},{"@link":{"relation":"person","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-160373","uid":"adlib-agent-160373","uuid":"0aaecf15-ba8b-3924-a7a8-65784d378975"},"summary_title":"Leander"},{"@link":{"relation":"person","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-150796","uid":"adlib-agent-150796","uuid":"ec5a0c8a-e54c-3735-adea-0fd5dd14f994"},"summary_title":"Cupid"}],"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108348","uid":"adlib-term-108348","uuid":"667e7a19-db33-3d85-bd9b-c2dafd8e02ff"},"summary_title":"tin-glazed earthenware"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-42865","uid":"adlib-term-42865","uuid":"92be1d50-bb1c-3472-950f-b140ee6cdde9"},"summary_title":"maiolica"}],"component":[{"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"blue, greyish-green, yellow, orange, shades of brown, and black; the reverse is pale beige"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108364","uid":"adlib-term-108364","uuid":"115b8729-a560-35c1-b654-4b9d2fc5f68b"},"summary_title":"high-temperature colours"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-39575","uid":"adlib-term-39575","uuid":"cdf6707a-1eeb-3622-a26b-6e54f1f8d4ab"},"summary_title":"tin-glaze"}}],"name":"Decoration"}],"content":{"motifs":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-1111","uid":"adlib-term-1111","uuid":"46c949dd-f376-3538-878f-397baee5be09"},"summary_title":"mythology"}]},"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Earthenware, tin-glazed, painted in blue, greyish-green, yellow, orange, shades of brown, and black; the reverse is pale beige and has several pin holes. Circular with wide sloping rim and shallow curved well, convex in the centre.\nThe front is decorated overall with the Suicide of Hero. In the foreground, Leander lies drowned in the Hellespont. On the right, a man seated on a rock looks towards him, raising his right arm. On the left, Cupid stands holding a flaming torch. In the background there is an archway inscribed 'AMOR.NE. CAVSA' (Love is the cause of it), the lower part of a tower, and a doorway with a window above. Hero is shown throwing herself from a window in the tower. The edge is encircled by a very narrow black band and a wide yellow band. The back is decorated with a wreath of blue leaves on a continuous wavy stem. The base is inscribed in blue, 'Leandro in Mare &.\/Hero alla finestra\/.61.\/.S."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"C.21-1995","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"C.21-1995"},{"priref":"79589","type":"priref","value":"79589"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/79589","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/79589"}],"inscription":[{"location":"on arch","method":"painted","transcription":[{"value":"AMOR.NE.CAVSA"}],"type":"inscription"},{"location":"on base","method":"painted","transcription":[{"value":"Leandro in Mare &.\/Hero alla finestra\/.61.\/.S."}],"type":"inscription"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Purchased with the F. Leverton Harris Fund and the Leonard D. Cunliffe Fund"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"date":[{"earliest":1995,"latest":1995,"value":"1995"}],"method":{"value":"bought"},"note":[{"value":"Entry date: 1995"}]}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1561,"era":["CE"],"latest":1561,"note":[{"value":"dated '61'"}],"precision":"dated","value":"1561"}],"maker":[{"@link":{"role":[{"value":"painter"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-160372","uid":"adlib-agent-160372","uuid":"02812d23-6ab3-39e0-a4c3-f8e746eed805"},"summary_title":"Sforza di Marcantonio"},{"@link":{"role":[{"value":"printmaker"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-97017","uid":"adlib-agent-97017","uuid":"50d126f7-214f-3e19-b339-bffa736d939b"},"summary_title":"Veneziano, Agostino"},{"@link":{"role":[{"value":"printmaker"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-35821","uid":"adlib-agent-35821","uuid":"7864b6fe-8b62-333d-b6ff-dcc5decb8942"},"summary_title":"Dente, Marco (Marco da Ravenna)"}],"note":[{"value":"During the second and third decades of the sixteenth century the maiolica industry in Pesaro was less flourishing than in the previous century. This situation improved after Guidobaldo II della Rovere succeeded to the dukedom of Urbino in 1538, because he preferred to live at Pesaro. The presence of the court stimulated local industries, and from around 1540 Pesaro became a significant producer of istoriato maiolica, that is, painted with narrative scenes."},{"value":"Hero was a priestess of Venus at Sestos. Leander, her lover, used to swim the Hellespont to see her, guided by a torch which she held up from the window of a high tower. One night in winter, when Hero had begged him to come despite the inclement weather, he was drowned, and she committed suicide by throwing herself from the tower. The lovers were mentioned in Ovid's Heroides, 18 and 19."},{"value":"Sforza di Marcantonio da Casteldurante was recorded as a potter, and sometimes also as a painter in documents in Pesaro between in 1550 and 1552, and almost every year from 1563 until 1580, when he made his will on 17 November, and probably died shortly after. He signed himself 'SFORZA' on two panels dated 1567, respectively in the British Museum and the Museo Civico Medievale, Bologna. Dishes signed '.S.' in 1561, as this one is, and in some years up to and including 1576, are attributed to him on the basis of similarities with these panels. Sforza's choice of subjects, iconography, and inscriptions suggest that during the late 1530s he had been contact with the Urbino maiolica painter, Francesco Xanto, whose latest signed works are dated in 1542. Several of Sforza's designs closely follow those on plates by Xanto, who painted several dishes with versions of 'Hero and Leander' between 1532 and 1538. Xanto probably knew the story from a translation of Ovid's Heroides, but on the backs of the dishes he quoted from Francesco Petrarch's Trionfi, III, 21 'Leandro in mare ed Hero a la fenestra'  (or Trionfi, II in editions with commentary by Bernardo Ilicini, first published in 1475).  The first dish decorated with this subject which is attributed to Sforza was painted in 1546 (Christie's, 25 May 1962, lot 110); the latest, in the Herzog Anton Ulrich-Museum, Braunschweig, is dated 1576, and initialled '.S.'  Both, like the Fitzwilliam's dish, have an inscription from Petrarch, and the figure of Leander used by Xanto, which was taken from a Marcantonio Raimondi school print, known as the 'Battle with the Cutlass' by Marco Dente (Bartsch, XIV, p 171, no. 211), or Agostino da Veneziano. The three dishes illustrate the persistence of popular themes over a long period, the influence of an outstanding maiolica painter on another, and the repetitive nature of much maiolica painting."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106602","uid":"adlib-term-106602","uuid":"bbb4c00f-eefa-3d64-9441-7a75aa07736e"},"summary_title":"16th Century"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-10618","uid":"adlib-term-10618","uuid":"9ebc0ae1-8cf8-312b-832c-9cf44da02136"},"summary_title":"Renaissance"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-113179","uid":"adlib-term-113179","uuid":"e74d25a1-07c3-3a30-b91b-004673211ee5"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Italy"}],"summary_title":"Italy","type":"country"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"The Marches"}],"summary_title":"The Marches","type":"region"}]],"summary_title":"Pesaro"}]}]},"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-42861","uid":"adlib-term-42861","uuid":"5b368285-f1a8-3dcf-a5b2-637fd3c3956c"},"summary_title":"earthenware"}}],"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Diameter","units":"cm","value":"30"},{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"4.2"}]},"multimedia":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"media-52825","uid":"adlib-media-52825","uuid":"f29d9a81-9e93-3fdd-9406-554647e4635c"},"processed":{"large":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/C_21_1995.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":760},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":748}]},"modified":1742584149739,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"mid":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/mid_C_21_1995.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":508},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":500}]},"modified":1742584149739,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"original":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/C_21_1995.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":760},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":748}]},"modified":1742584149739,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"preview":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/preview_C_21_1995.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":254},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":250}]},"modified":1742584149739,"resizable":true,"type":"image"}},"sort":"0","type":{"base":"media","type":"image"}}],"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-90855","uid":"adlib-term-90855","uuid":"b48207ec-774d-3e3e-8ab3-536996bc5dac"},"summary_title":"dish"}}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"Purchased. Given to the vendor's husband by his mother, who bought it an antique shop."}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. Front cover, text p. 17","page":"p. 17","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-656","uid":"adlib-publication-656","uuid":"e34cd340-f467-31dd-b9f5-160b9af3268b"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum Annual Report, 1995"},{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. pp. 76-7, no. 33","page":"76-7","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3010","uid":"adlib-publication-3010","uuid":"e3e61863-a797-3051-8d0a-20288306ca36"},"summary_title":"Italian Maiolica and Incised Slipware in the Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge"},{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. pl. IX","page":"507","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200001861","uid":"adlib-publication-200001861","uuid":"1cca6257-ddc6-3bb1-ab40-c8f8ed41b9f2"},"summary_title":"Recent acquisitions (1995-2004) at the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. p. 28, lot 110, ill. pl. X, an unsigned dish decorated with the Suicide of Hero, dated 1546","page":"28","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3411","uid":"adlib-publication-3411","uuid":"fc56d3e1-2db5-3c4b-a36a-60b0a9ce09af"},"summary_title":"Catalogue of Fine Early Continental Glass, Important Italian Majolica"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. for Sforza di Marcantonio in Pesaro","page":"7-10","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200001162","uid":"adlib-publication-200001162","uuid":"94b3c1d5-3830-38b6-b5fa-fbb69fa437ba"},"summary_title":"Sforza di Marcantonio: figulo pesarese cinquecentesco"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. Dishes attributed to Sforza di Marcantonio, The dish dated 1576 is on p. 351, no. 496.","page":"345-51","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3402","uid":"adlib-publication-3402","uuid":"c8af0496-64ae-35b9-ad9f-d5671244769a"},"summary_title":"Italienische Majolika, Katalog der Sammlung"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3409","uid":"adlib-publication-3409","uuid":"24781af6-8b3f-3e49-b0e1-b76724c9bf6f"},"summary_title":"Ceramisti pesaresi nei documenti notarili dell'Archivio di Stato di Pesaro sec. XV-XVIII"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. See p. 94, n. 54 for reference to a document recording Sforza di Marcantonio's presence in Pesaro on 17 May 1548","page":"94","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-9105","uid":"adlib-publication-9105","uuid":"5cfdd45c-0379-3268-b5ba-70bf8826921a"},"summary_title":"Girolamo e Giacomo Lanfranco dalle Gabicce maiolicari a Pesaro nel secolo XVI,"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. For the inscription from Petrarch","page":"228, 230-1","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200001099","uid":"adlib-publication-200001099","uuid":"221e4db2-30b4-37cc-8eac-7bed66fa4d24"},"summary_title":"Francesco Xanto Avelli and Petrarch"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. pp. 176-7, no. 129, a panel of the Dead Christ between the Virgin and St John, signed 'SFORZA' and dated 1567.","page":"176-7","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3388","uid":"adlib-publication-3388","uuid":"de185508-79d7-3c40-b470-36c015e8e566"},"summary_title":"Ceramiche occidentale del Museo Civico Medievale di Bologna"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. Alessandro Bettini, 'La ceramica a Pesaro tra il XIV e il XVII secolo', pp. 31-95, on p. 79, no. 52 a shallow footed bowl decorated with the Holy family and Shepherds, dated 1543, attributed to the workshop of Girolamo Lanfrance. It had been suggested earlier by a different writer that this bowl might be by Sforza and therefore indicate that he had been in Pesaro at that date.","page":"79","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-6388","uid":"adlib-publication-6388","uuid":"1f1298ea-c28b-3905-ad2b-fa59db7d742c"},"summary_title":"Fati di Ceramica nelle Marche dal Trecento al Novecento"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. p. 68, no. 98, ill. p. 67, a panel of the Annunciation, signed SFORZA and  dated 1567.","page":"67-8","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3227","uid":"adlib-publication-3227","uuid":"93afae36-69d1-3a32-bcca-d2487b5e0af7"},"summary_title":"Ceramic Art of the Italian Renaissance"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. pp. 251-2, no. 265, a plaque decorated with the Crucifixion with the Virgin, Magdalene and St John, attributed to Sforza di Marcantonio, and dated c. 1567 on the grounds of its similarity to the dated Annunciation plaque in the British Museum. The writer of this catalogue entry, Grazia Biscontini Ugolini, provides a survey of the known biography of Sforza and his work. She cites a notarial document of 1564 which states that he had a little workshop in the San Giacomo quarter of Pesaro. (ASP, notaio  Paolo Ubaldi, 26.5;n. 154 B 443 V.10 [1564])","page":"251-2","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3413","uid":"adlib-publication-3413","uuid":"8c672f50-56ae-3905-934c-aeda20f7cede"},"summary_title":"Milan, Museo d'Arti Applicate, Le ceramiche, Tomo primo"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. pp. 357-8, no. 211 a devotional panel of the Annunciation, signed 'SFORZA.D.P.' and dated 1567.","page":"357-8","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-6434","uid":"adlib-publication-6434","uuid":"4524f0a3-0484-3e51-8720-80332f8ac8a2"},"summary_title":"Italian Renaissance Ceramics: A Catalogue of the British Museum Collection, Volume I and Volume II"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. Vol. I, pp. 240-1, n. 728, vol. II, pl. 115. Inv. no. C.756-1925. A dish decorated with Hero and Leander and dated 1535 by Xanto Avelli da Rovigo.","page":"Vol. I, 240-1","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1571","uid":"adlib-publication-1571","uuid":"4e0f6f47-bf3a-3285-8417-f9bff14edde2"},"summary_title":"Victoria and Albert Museum, Catalogue of Italian Maiolica"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3721","uid":"adlib-publication-3721","uuid":"3aa50429-7c36-35f8-899a-6ca6df495d5b"},"summary_title":"The Collections of the National Gallery of Art, Systematic Catalogue, Western Decorative Arts, Part I, Medieval, Renaissance and Historicizing Styles including Metalwork, Enamels, and Ceramics"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. p. 80, no. 40, a plate decorated with Hero and Leander and signed 'historia y' attributed to Francesco Xanto Avelli,  in Urbino c. 1527-31.","page":"80","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-8915","uid":"adlib-publication-8915","uuid":"53de1acc-24ac-39fd-8418-d4ffc3f13e3b"},"summary_title":"Tin-glaze and Image Culture: the MAK Maiolica Collection in its Wider Context"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3175","uid":"adlib-publication-3175","uuid":"ab8fd5be-66f6-3413-aa8c-217219863fd3"},"summary_title":"Catalogue of a Collection of Italian Maiolica belonging to Henry Harris"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. pp. 141-55, the author examines the influence of Xanto on Sforza di Marcantonio, and illustrates several dishes decorated with the same subject by both painters to demonstrate this.","page":"141-55","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200003334","uid":"adlib-publication-200003334","uuid":"bda9612a-3804-36e3-8893-2bd2c0dd8ef4"},"summary_title":"Xanto e Sforza di Marcantonio"}],"school_or_style":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-10618","uid":"adlib-term-10618","uuid":"9ebc0ae1-8cf8-312b-832c-9cf44da02136"},"summary_title":"Renaissance"}],"subjects":[{"@link":{"relation":"object name","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107506","uid":"adlib-term-107506","uuid":"b8480578-e5b1-3a8d-af71-509dcdbb2223"},"summary_title":"torch"},{"@link":{"relation":"event","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-113271","uid":"adlib-term-113271","uuid":"f26dffff-4dd0-3376-aa38-fa1718178346"},"summary_title":"Suicide of Hero"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"torch"}],"summary_title":"torch"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Suicide of Hero"}],"summary_title":"Suicide of Hero"}],"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-90855","uid":"adlib-term-90855","uuid":"b48207ec-774d-3e3e-8ab3-536996bc5dac"},"summary_title":"dish"}},"summary_title":"dish","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"Earthenware, tin-glazed, painted in blue, greyish-green, yellow, orange, shades of brown, and black; the reverse is pale beige and has several pin holes."}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120059","uid":"adlib-term-120059","uuid":"dfa315b5-819d-37ab-ab22-bddfdbb3cbe7"},"summary_title":"tin-glazing"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106226","uid":"adlib-term-106226","uuid":"194567f2-2bcd-3446-ae31-652386611815"},"summary_title":"painting"}}],"type":{"base":"object","type":"OBJECT"}}},{"_index":"ciim","_type":"data","_id":"adlib-object-72140","_score":19.313091,"_source":{"admin":{"added":1592999579000,"created":1312637261000,"flag":"Standard Record","id":"object-72140","indexed":1756836093837,"modified":1714466746000,"processed":1756836091183,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-object-72140","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/72140","uuid":"82d4e84b-d9e7-368c-b037-5b51d4169545","version":7},"agents":[{"@link":{"note":[{"value":"Marmaduke Langdale Horn was born on 23 November 1889 at 'Holmwood' at Walkerville in South Australia, and was one of three brothers who served in the Royal Flying Corp during the First World War. He served in an administrative capacity and was awarded the Croix de Guerre with bronze star for his services. After the War he became a director of Horn Trust and Investments and Kuala Selanger Rubber Co. Ltd., and settled in England at Stoke Charity, where he had spent many of his younger years at Old Stoke. During the Second World War he acted as Chuchwarden for St Mary and St Michael, Stoke Charity, and later contributed to the restoration of the church. He became an art collector, and also built up an extensive collection of cigarette cards. He died at Stoke Charity on 18 August 1953. \nInformation from biography by Chas Schaedel, History Group, South Australian Aviation Museum, see Https:\/\/www.saam.org.au\/aviatorprofiles.html  under HORN"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-207524","uid":"adlib-agent-207524","uuid":"08f9ec74-320f-3c60-aad1-c985ed27cc46"},"summary_title":"Horn, Marmaduke Langdale (1889-1953)"},{"@link":{"relation":"person","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-156513","uid":"adlib-agent-156513","uuid":"855bdcaf-d97d-3630-89c4-752f73606378"},"summary_title":"Pyramus"},{"@link":{"relation":"person","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-156512","uid":"adlib-agent-156512","uuid":"4b2c2fc0-dc3b-307f-9e58-314ecc1be224"},"summary_title":"Thisbe"},{"@link":{"relation":"person","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-150796","uid":"adlib-agent-150796","uuid":"ec5a0c8a-e54c-3735-adea-0fd5dd14f994"},"summary_title":"Cupid"}],"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108348","uid":"adlib-term-108348","uuid":"667e7a19-db33-3d85-bd9b-c2dafd8e02ff"},"summary_title":"tin-glazed earthenware"}],"component":[{"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"blue, green, yellow, orange, beige, brown, manganese-purple, black, and white"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108364","uid":"adlib-term-108364","uuid":"115b8729-a560-35c1-b654-4b9d2fc5f68b"},"summary_title":"high-temperature colours"}}],"name":"Decoration","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106226","uid":"adlib-term-106226","uuid":"194567f2-2bcd-3446-ae31-652386611815"},"summary_title":"painting"}}]}],"content":{"motifs":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-1111","uid":"adlib-term-1111","uuid":"46c949dd-f376-3538-878f-397baee5be09"},"summary_title":"mythology"}]},"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Maiolica broad-rimmed bowl, painted in polychrome with The Deaths of Pyramus and Thisbe."},{"value":"Bowl. Buff earthenware, tin-glazed overall; the reverse pale beige. Painted in blue, green, yellow, orange, beige, brown, manganese-purple, black, and white.\nShape 57. Circular with broad, slightly sloping rim and small, deep well; the underside of the rim moulded with four bands of reeding.\nThe Deaths of Pyramus and Thisbe. Pyramus, naked and pierced by his own sword, lies dead in the foreground. On the right, Thisbe is about to throw herself on a sword, watched by Cupid, standing bow in hand on the far left. In the middle, a lioness looks out from behind a fountain and rocks. In the landscape background there is a town and distant hills. The edge is yellow. The back is inscribed in the middle in blue-black: `Vedi Piramo & Tisbe\/i sieme allombra.\/historia y' (Behold Pyramus and Thisbe together in the shadow. history y)."}],"exhibitions":[{"@link":{"catalogue":"no catalogue","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"exhibition-1605","uid":"adlib-exhibition-1605","uuid":"04d3c358-0bef-3d8f-8df5-14f16987ac1b"},"summary_title":"Italian Maiolica in the Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"C.15-1953","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"C.15-1953"},{"priref":"72140","type":"priref","value":"72140"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/72140","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/72140"}],"inscription":[{"location":"on base","method":"painted in blue-black","transcription":[{"value":"`Vedi Piramo & Tisbe\/i sieme allombra.\/historia y'"}],"type":"inscription"},{"description":[{"value":"rectangular with cut corners and red printed border"}],"method":"inscribed in faded black ink","transcription":[{"value":"Harris collection\/Borenius Catalogue\/no 41 Illustrated\/ Probably Xanto"}],"type":"label"},{"description":[{"value":"strip"}],"method":"typed","transcription":[{"value":"by Xanto, painted with Piramus and Thisbe.\/From the collection of the late Henry Harris."}],"type":"label"},{"description":[{"value":"circular"}],"method":"printed in black","transcription":[{"value":"FITZW.\/MUS"}],"type":"label"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"M.L. Horn Bequest"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-153306","uid":"adlib-agent-153306","uuid":"ffdbdb9b-fb52-37d0-befe-c60f946304c6"},"summary_title":"Horn, Marmaduke Langdale"}],"date":[{"earliest":1953,"latest":1953,"value":"1953-10-22"}],"method":{"value":"bequeathed"}}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1528,"from":{"earliest":1528,"era":["CE"],"latest":1528,"precision":"circa","value":"1528"},"latest":1531,"range":true,"to":{"earliest":1531,"era":["CE"],"latest":1531,"value":"1531"}}],"maker":[{"@link":{"qualifier":"probably","role":[{"value":"painter"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-5335","uid":"adlib-agent-5335","uuid":"abbd62ad-dff5-32f6-8881-6cc828e21322"},"summary_title":"Avelli, Francesco Xanto"},{"@link":{"qualifier":"after","role":[{"value":"printmaker"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-159002","uid":"adlib-agent-159002","uuid":"93c9a327-1a2c-3628-ab1d-6a7c039660b0"},"summary_title":"Caraglio, Giovanni Giacomo"},{"@link":{"qualifier":"after","role":[{"value":"printmaker"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-35821","uid":"adlib-agent-35821","uuid":"7864b6fe-8b62-333d-b6ff-dcc5decb8942"},"summary_title":"Dente, Marco (Marco da Ravenna)"},{"@link":{"qualifier":"after","role":[{"value":"printmaker"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-97017","uid":"adlib-agent-97017","uuid":"50d126f7-214f-3e19-b339-bffa736d939b"},"summary_title":"Veneziano, Agostino"}],"note":[{"value":"Although unsigned, this dish can be attributed to Xanto on the basis of style, the literary and printed sources used, and handwriting."},{"value":"The scene was constructed from four engraved sources. Thisbe was adapted from a woman on the extreme right of the Contest between the Muses and the Pierides by G. G. Caraglio after Rosso Fiorentino.  The figure was reversed and a raised arm added. Pyramus was probably derived from the fallen warrior in the foreground of the Battle of the Romans and Carthaginians by Marco Dente da Ravenna after Raphael or Giulio Romano.  Cupid is a reversed version of one to the right of centre in the Dance of Cupids, by Marcantonio Raimondi after Raphael. The lion's head might have been taken from Hercules and the Nemean Lion by Agostino Veneziano after Raphael."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106602","uid":"adlib-term-106602","uuid":"bbb4c00f-eefa-3d64-9441-7a75aa07736e"},"summary_title":"16th Century"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-10618","uid":"adlib-term-10618","uuid":"9ebc0ae1-8cf8-312b-832c-9cf44da02136"},"summary_title":"Renaissance"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-110708","uid":"adlib-term-110708","uuid":"ef038505-1555-3c61-b6e2-cadcedf6c42a"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Italy"}],"summary_title":"Italy","type":"country"}]],"summary_title":"Urbino"}]}]},"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-39575","uid":"adlib-term-39575","uuid":"cdf6707a-1eeb-3622-a26b-6e54f1f8d4ab"},"summary_title":"tin-glaze"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-42861","uid":"adlib-term-42861","uuid":"5b368285-f1a8-3dcf-a5b2-637fd3c3956c"},"summary_title":"earthenware"}}],"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Diameter","units":"cm","value":"26"},{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"4.3"}]},"multimedia":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"media-36644","uid":"adlib-media-36644","uuid":"9929a9dc-1331-3565-8dfc-2e99de4c070e"},"processed":{"large":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa9\/C_15_1953_281_29.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":740},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":570}]},"modified":1702926313053,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"mid":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa9\/mid_C_15_1953_281_29.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":649},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":500}]},"modified":1702926313053,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"original":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa9\/C_15_1953_281_29.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":740},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":570}]},"modified":1702926313053,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"preview":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa9\/preview_C_15_1953_281_29.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":325},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":250}]},"modified":1702926313053,"resizable":true,"type":"image"}},"sort":"0","type":{"base":"media","type":"image"}},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"media-36645","uid":"adlib-media-36645","uuid":"90a53e0b-8e74-3d8c-b652-7004678885d3"},"processed":{"large":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa9\/C_15_1953_282_29.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":740},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":570}]},"modified":1702926706723,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"mid":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa9\/mid_C_15_1953_282_29.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":649},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":500}]},"modified":1702926706723,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"original":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa9\/C_15_1953_282_29.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":740},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":570}]},"modified":1702926706723,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"preview":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa9\/preview_C_15_1953_282_29.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":325},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":250}]},"modified":1702926706723,"resizable":true,"type":"image"}},"sort":"1","type":{"base":"media","type":"image"}}],"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107667","uid":"adlib-term-107667","uuid":"1b81c806-cfb7-3291-9803-525db5f75e09"},"summary_title":"bowl"},"type":"object name"},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-42865","uid":"adlib-term-42865","uuid":"92be1d50-bb1c-3472-950f-b140ee6cdde9"},"summary_title":"maiolica"},"type":"category"},{"value":"broad-rimmed bowl"}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"Henry Harris before 1930; Sotheby's, 20 June 1950, Catalogue of fine Italian maiolica from the well-known collection of the late Henry Harris, Esq. . . ., lot 106; Alfred Spero; Marmaduke Langdale Horn."}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. p. 46, no. 41 & pl. 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Painted in blue, green, yellow, orange, beige, brown, manganese-purple, black, and white."}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-111179","uid":"adlib-term-111179","uuid":"be5c887b-c0ed-3d89-82b2-c3a870e72a68"},"summary_title":"moulding"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120059","uid":"adlib-term-120059","uuid":"dfa315b5-819d-37ab-ab22-bddfdbb3cbe7"},"summary_title":"tin-glazing"}}],"title":[{"value":"The Deaths of Pyramus and Thisbe"}],"type":{"base":"object","type":"OBJECT"}}},{"_index":"ciim","_type":"data","_id":"adlib-object-47271","_score":17.4164,"_source":{"admin":{"added":1592999465000,"created":1312637261000,"flag":"Standard Record","id":"object-47271","indexed":1756836093638,"modified":1714465450000,"processed":1756836091183,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-object-47271","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/47271","uuid":"6ed8f968-b507-3068-84f1-79a2f5c81d2a","version":10},"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-179720","uid":"adlib-agent-179720","uuid":"92d401ff-1905-3217-8a9f-5e4763b78b9b"},"summary_title":"Volpi, Elia"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-151483","uid":"adlib-agent-151483","uuid":"26fbb332-a159-3961-80ad-ff1bd1a618c2"},"summary_title":"Harris, Frederick Leverton"}],"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108348","uid":"adlib-term-108348","uuid":"667e7a19-db33-3d85-bd9b-c2dafd8e02ff"},"summary_title":"tin-glazed earthenware"}],"component":[{"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"manganese and copper-green and turquoise-green"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108364","uid":"adlib-term-108364","uuid":"115b8729-a560-35c1-b654-4b9d2fc5f68b"},"summary_title":"high-temperature colours"}}],"name":"Decoration","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106226","uid":"adlib-term-106226","uuid":"194567f2-2bcd-3446-ae31-652386611815"},"summary_title":"painting"}}]},{"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107733","uid":"adlib-term-107733","uuid":"00160189-e3ce-3796-a88b-5aa8d6c808c4"},"summary_title":"lead-glaze"}}],"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Diameter","units":"cm","value":"11.5"}]},"name":"Foot","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120062","uid":"adlib-term-120062","uuid":"d05176fb-17b8-3888-bba1-6c5e6c77d206"},"summary_title":"lead-glazing"}}]},{"name":"Body","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"pale buff earthenware, the foot lead-glazed yellowish-brown, the rest tin-glazed ivory; the glaze on the neck has a pock-marked surface and differs in colour from that on the body. Painted in copper-green, turquoise-green and manganese."}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120082","uid":"adlib-term-120082","uuid":"ea83ed85-6b07-3e7e-83fc-440cfda22f7e"},"summary_title":"throwing"}}]}],"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Late Medieval, maiolica ewer, painted in copper-green, turquoise-green and manganese with panels containing stylised foliage, rhomboids and knots, surrounded by cross-hatching and shields."},{"value":"Pale buff earthenware, the foot lead-glazed yellowish-brown, the rest tin-glazed ivory; the glaze on the neck has a pock-marked surface and differs in colour from that on the body. Painted in copper-green, turquoise-green and manganese.\nShape15. Bulbous ovoid body with restriction round the widest part; moulded, solid pedestal foot; long slender neck, the rim pinched slightly at the front to form a lip; loop handle of triangular section, the lower end of which runs down the shoulder and terminates in an outward curling scroll.\nOn the restriction, there is a band of guilloche ornament. The rest of the body and neck are divided into panels containing manganese rhomboids, knots or stylised foliage,  surrounded by cross-hatching, and, on the shoulder, two unblazoned shields. In the middle of the neck there is a turquoise-green chain. The handle is decorated with manganese ogee lines, each with a dab of green at its apex, and roughly drawn Vs on either side. Below the handle, there are narrow horizontal lines of alternate colours."}],"exhibitions":[{"@link":{"catalogue":"no catalogue","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"exhibition-1605","uid":"adlib-exhibition-1605","uuid":"04d3c358-0bef-3d8f-8df5-14f16987ac1b"},"summary_title":"Italian Maiolica in the Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"C.81-1927","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"C.81-1927"},{"priref":"47271","type":"priref","value":"47271"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/47271","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/47271"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"F. 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The photograph is inscribed 'Volpi' near the jug, for the collector and dealer, Elia Volpi of Florence."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107871","uid":"adlib-term-107871","uuid":"78553be6-c810-30a1-9ba7-23f9a8a00947"},"summary_title":"13th Century"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107695","uid":"adlib-term-107695","uuid":"9675e97a-a0f5-3db2-9f8b-5255e41704ed"},"summary_title":"14th Century"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-10603","uid":"adlib-term-10603","uuid":"09088083-a78d-3d70-9f4f-343b5c3283d7"},"summary_title":"Medieval"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-110716","uid":"adlib-term-110716","uuid":"7fa143b1-2071-36b6-81a5-02ab08b0f7d9"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Italy"}],"summary_title":"Italy","type":"country"}]],"summary_title":"Orvieto"}]}]},"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"except 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He served in an administrative capacity and was awarded the Croix de Guerre with bronze star for his services. After the War he became a director of Horn Trust and Investments and Kuala Selanger Rubber Co. Ltd., and settled in England at Stoke Charity, where he had spent many of his younger years at Old Stoke. During the Second World War he acted as Chuchwarden for St Mary and St Michael, Stoke Charity, and later contributed to the restoration of the church. He became an art collector, and also built up an extensive collection of cigarette cards. He died at Stoke Charity on 18 August 1953. \nInformation from biography by Chas Schaedel, History Group South Australian Aviation Museum, see https:\/\/www.saam.org.au\/aviatorprofiles.html\nHORN"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-207524","uid":"adlib-agent-207524","uuid":"08f9ec74-320f-3c60-aad1-c985ed27cc46"},"summary_title":"Horn, Marmaduke Langdale (1889-1953)"},{"@link":{"relation":"person","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-153715","uid":"adlib-agent-153715","uuid":"8b8facef-bbf3-3362-accf-80549de1f9da"},"summary_title":"man"}],"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108348","uid":"adlib-term-108348","uuid":"667e7a19-db33-3d85-bd9b-c2dafd8e02ff"},"summary_title":"tin-glazed earthenware"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-42865","uid":"adlib-term-42865","uuid":"92be1d50-bb1c-3472-950f-b140ee6cdde9"},"summary_title":"maiolica"}],"component":[{"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"blue, green, turquoise, yellow, orange, stone, brown, manganese-purple, black, and white"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108364","uid":"adlib-term-108364","uuid":"115b8729-a560-35c1-b654-4b9d2fc5f68b"},"summary_title":"high-temperature colours"}}],"name":"Decoration","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106226","uid":"adlib-term-106226","uuid":"194567f2-2bcd-3446-ae31-652386611815"},"summary_title":"painting"}}]}],"content":{"motifs":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-102639","uid":"adlib-term-102639","uuid":"2c240716-c1bb-36c4-9594-b0a98f1208c2"},"summary_title":"allegory"}]},"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Maiolica dish, painted in polychrome with A Political Allegory."},{"value":"Buff earthenware, tin-glazed overall; the reverse greyish and tinged with green. Painted in blue, green, turquoise, yellow, orange, stone, brown, manganese-purple, black, and white.\nShape 57. Circular with a wide, slightly sloping rim and small, deep well; the underside of the rim moulded with three bands of reeding.\nA Political Allegory. A man in armour all'antica holding a trident stands on the left accompanied by a horse and a cock. On the right, a nude man with a billowing cloak is poised to make a blow with a curved sword held in his right hand. In the foreground there is a pebbly path and grass; on the right, rocks and a tree; and in the background, a river running past fortifications towards distant mountains. The edge is yellow. The back is inscribed in the middle in dark blue: `fuggi spagna: Marcho\/et francia.\/nota y' (flee Spain: Mark and France. take note y)."}],"exhibitions":[{"@link":{"catalogue":"no catalogue","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"exhibition-1605","uid":"adlib-exhibition-1605","uuid":"04d3c358-0bef-3d8f-8df5-14f16987ac1b"},"summary_title":"Italian Maiolica in the Fitzwilliam Museum"},{"@link":{"catalogue":"33","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"exhibition-1952","uid":"adlib-exhibition-1952","uuid":"82f70ee8-9b4e-30cf-8868-e605626a3991"},"summary_title":"Xanto: Pottery-Painter, Poet, Man of the Renaissance"}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"C.14-1953","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"C.14-1953"},{"priref":"71966","type":"priref","value":"71966"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/71966","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/71966"}],"inscription":[{"location":"on the base","method":"painted in dark blue","transcription":[{"value":"fuggi spagna: Marcho\/et francia.\/nota y'"}],"type":"inscription"},{"description":[{"value":"rectangular with red printed border"}],"location":"on back","method":"inscribed in blue-black ink","transcription":[{"value":"Harris collection\/Borenius Catalogue\/ No.42\/Illustrated\/Probably Xanto"}],"type":"label"},{"description":[{"value":"rectangular"}],"location":"on back","method":"typed and in pencil","transcription":[{"value":"'typed `painted by Xanto. \"Spagnia e Francia\". The edge\/damaged.\/From the collection of the late Henry Harris.' and in pencil `8'"}],"type":"label"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"M.L. Horn Bequest"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-153306","uid":"adlib-agent-153306","uuid":"ffdbdb9b-fb52-37d0-befe-c60f946304c6"},"summary_title":"Horn, Marmaduke Langdale"}],"date":[{"earliest":1953,"latest":1953,"value":"1953-10-22"}],"method":{"value":"bequeathed"},"note":[{"value":"Entry date: 1953-10-22"}]}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1528,"from":{"earliest":1528,"era":["CE"],"latest":1528,"precision":"circa","value":"1528"},"latest":1530,"range":true,"to":{"earliest":1530,"era":["CE"],"latest":1530,"value":"1530"}}],"maker":[{"@link":{"qualifier":"probably","role":[{"value":"painter"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-5335","uid":"adlib-agent-5335","uuid":"abbd62ad-dff5-32f6-8881-6cc828e21322"},"summary_title":"Avelli, Francesco Xanto"},{"@link":{"qualifier":"after","role":[{"value":"printmaker"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-112340","uid":"adlib-agent-112340","uuid":"a9104dd3-daf9-32ba-b083-c074b588b652"},"summary_title":"Raimondi, Marcantonio"},{"@link":{"qualifier":"after","role":[{"value":"printmaker"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-35821","uid":"adlib-agent-35821","uuid":"7864b6fe-8b62-333d-b6ff-dcc5decb8942"},"summary_title":"Dente, Marco (Marco da Ravenna)"}],"note":[{"value":"Dishes signed with a y or phi are considered on stylistic grounds to have been painted by Francesco Xanto Avelli from Rovigo in the Vento, whose presence in Urbino is documented between 1530 and 1542. Apart from his distinctive style, Xanto's work is remarkable in several ways. \n\nMost maiolica painters derived their designs from prints or book illustrations, but Xanto carried their use beyond ingenuity to repetitiousness. His deployment of a now well-defined group of prints as 'figure banks' from which to construct scenes resulted in wide variations in the quality of his work. Many of his compositions are highly successful, but others are extremely awkward with little relationship between the figures. The figures on this dish were taken from two prints of the 'Massacre of the Innocents': the nude man whielding the sword from the engraving by Marcantonio Raimondi after Raphael (Bartsch XIV, p. 19, no. 18; Illustrated Bartsch, 26, 1978, p. 33, no. 21), and the man with the trident from the version by Marco Dente after Baccio Bandinelli (Bartsch XIV, p. 24, no. 21; Illustrated Bartsch, 26, 1978,  p. 33, no. 21).\n\nHis obsession with the dramatic and terrible political events of the late 1520s and early 1530s, singles him out from his contemporaries. Many of this dishes are decorated with political allegories with pro-imperial, anti-papal, or anti-Medicean themes connected with the Sack of Rome in 1527, and some have a violent, sadistic quality which is entirely absent from the work of other maiolica painters.Interest has necessarily centred on the interpretation of these thems and what they reveal about Xanto. It may never be known whether his patrons (or perhaps more correctly, his employer's patrons) ordered these political subjects, or whether Xanto included them at his own discretion in services or sets of mythological, historical, or religious subjects, such as the Three Crescents service, and  the Pucci service (See C.10-1953 and C.11-1953).\n\nXanto appears to have been more highly educated than the other maiolica painters in Urbino, and displayed his erudition by inscribing both the title and the literary sources of his compositions on the verse of dishes. These mainly refer to translations of Latin works, or to poetry by Petrarch or Ariosto. He also signed his name or initials much more frequently than any other painter. In the late 1530s however, he became more casual, often using 'Xanto', 'X.X.A.R.' or just 'X'. The sign resembling a y or phi sign in Greek occurs on plates bearing his signature, and more rarely on ones with the signature of his associates, such as Giulio da Urbino. The sign often follows the word 'nota' as here, or 'historia' or 'fabula' painted, which date from about 1527 to 1530. Its meaning is unclear, but it seems to be used as an abbreviation instead of completing a citation."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120009","uid":"adlib-term-120009","uuid":"690a6332-cfc1-3411-a716-4dd4ec7d9a65"},"summary_title":"16th Century, second 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The lower part of the body is gadrooned, a band of interlace ornament encircles the widest part, and the neck and shoulders are decorated with scales. The lip is moulded and slightly everted. On each side there is a dolphin handle, the head attached to the shoulder and the tail to the rim. Into the mouth of the vase fits a posy of modelled flowers, fruit and vegetables, amid which on are two frogs. 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These vibrant and vivacious ornamental vase-covers made by the Della Robbia workshop are early examples of naturalistically moulded and coloured ceramic fruit and vegetables that became popular in Europe."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106256","uid":"adlib-term-106256","uuid":"1bd8ad44-09c2-3c55-825a-635e463bb56b"},"summary_title":"16th Century, Early"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-10618","uid":"adlib-term-10618","uuid":"9ebc0ae1-8cf8-312b-832c-9cf44da02136"},"summary_title":"Renaissance"}],"places":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106508","uid":"adlib-term-106508","uuid":"f7f1399b-d092-3a3d-8f96-c3aee3ad8fd5"},"hierarchies":[[{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"Italy"}],"summary_title":"Italy","type":"country"}]],"summary_title":"Florence"}]}]},"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"the interior and base unglazed"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-39575","uid":"adlib-term-39575","uuid":"cdf6707a-1eeb-3622-a26b-6e54f1f8d4ab"},"summary_title":"tin-glaze"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-42861","uid":"adlib-term-42861","uuid":"5b368285-f1a8-3dcf-a5b2-637fd3c3956c"},"summary_title":"earthenware"}}],"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","units":"cm","value":"39.5"},{"dimension":"Width","units":"cm","value":"22.3"}]},"multimedia":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"media-18038","uid":"adlib-media-18038","uuid":"22930d53-0521-34a2-8dc5-265e03f5d8b1"},"processed":{"large":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/C_92A_1961.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":760},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":568}]},"modified":1742581259500,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"mid":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/mid_C_92A_1961.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":669},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":500}]},"modified":1742581259500,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"original":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/C_92A_1961.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":760},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":568}]},"modified":1742581259500,"resizable":true,"type":"image"},"preview":{"format":"jpeg","location":"aa\/aa19\/preview_C_92A_1961.jpg","location_is_relative":true,"measurements":{"dimensions":[{"dimension":"height","units":"pixels","value":335},{"dimension":"width","units":"pixels","value":250}]},"modified":1742581259500,"resizable":true,"type":"image"}},"sort":"0","type":{"base":"media","type":"image"}}],"name":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-89480","uid":"adlib-term-89480","uuid":"f1ea518e-351c-3f42-b2a7-db0f8559fa2c"},"summary_title":"vase"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107478","uid":"adlib-term-107478","uuid":"81002e74-5083-37b8-a429-4a303fc40695"},"summary_title":"cover"}}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"Henry Harris;  sold Sotheby's, 24 October 1950, Catalogue of the celebrated collection of bronzes, sculpture, paintings and works of art of the Italian Renaissance, lot 5; Louis C.G. 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Attributed to the workshop of Giovanni Della Robbia, and dated c. 1510-20. These also have traces of gilding.","page":"224-6","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-6434","uid":"adlib-publication-6434","uuid":"4524f0a3-0484-3e51-8720-80332f8ac8a2"},"summary_title":"Italian Renaissance Ceramics: A Catalogue of the British Museum Collection, Volume I and Volume II"}],"school_or_style":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-10618","uid":"adlib-term-10618","uuid":"9ebc0ae1-8cf8-312b-832c-9cf44da02136"},"summary_title":"Renaissance"}],"subjects":[{"@link":{"relation":"animal","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106292","uid":"adlib-term-106292","uuid":"f5988820-1697-308e-9675-3337ff190e0a"},"summary_title":"snail"},{"@link":{"relation":"plant","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-31178","uid":"adlib-term-31178","uuid":"1fff7cde-5cf7-35d7-931c-f1dba7699972"},"summary_title":"fruit"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"snail"}],"summary_title":"snail"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"fruit"}],"summary_title":"fruit"}],"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-89480","uid":"adlib-term-89480","uuid":"f1ea518e-351c-3f42-b2a7-db0f8559fa2c"},"summary_title":"vase"}},"summary_title":"vase","techniques":[{"note":[{"value":"the interior and base unglazed"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120059","uid":"adlib-term-120059","uuid":"dfa315b5-819d-37ab-ab22-bddfdbb3cbe7"},"summary_title":"tin-glazing"}}],"type":{"base":"object","type":"OBJECT"}}}],"first_page_url":"?page=1","from":1,"last_page":1,"last_page_url":"?page=1","links":[{"url":null,"label":"« Previous","active":false},{"url":"?page=1","label":"1","active":true},{"url":null,"label":"Next »","active":false}],"next_page_url":null,"path":"","per_page":24,"prev_page_url":null,"to":8,"total":8}]