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He served in an administrative capacity and was awarded the Croix de Guerre with bronze star for his services. After the War he became a director of Horn Trust and Investments and Kuala Selanger Rubber Co. Ltd., and settled in England at Stoke Charity, where he had spent many of his younger years at Old Stoke. During the Second World War he acted as Chuchwarden for St Mary and St Michael, Stoke Charity, and later contributed to the restoration of the church. He became an art collector, and also built up an extensive collection of cigarette cards. He died at Stoke Charity on 18 August 1953. \nInformation from biography by Chas Schaedel, History Group South Australian Aviation Museum, see https:\/\/www.saam.org.au\/aviatorprofiles.html\nHORN"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-207524","uid":"adlib-agent-207524","uuid":"08f9ec74-320f-3c60-aad1-c985ed27cc46"},"summary_title":"Horn, Marmaduke Langdale (1889-1953)"},{"@link":{"relation":"person","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-153715","uid":"adlib-agent-153715","uuid":"8b8facef-bbf3-3362-accf-80549de1f9da"},"summary_title":"man"}],"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108348","uid":"adlib-term-108348","uuid":"667e7a19-db33-3d85-bd9b-c2dafd8e02ff"},"summary_title":"tin-glazed earthenware"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-42865","uid":"adlib-term-42865","uuid":"92be1d50-bb1c-3472-950f-b140ee6cdde9"},"summary_title":"maiolica"}],"component":[{"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"blue, green, turquoise, yellow, orange, stone, brown, manganese-purple, black, and white"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-108364","uid":"adlib-term-108364","uuid":"115b8729-a560-35c1-b654-4b9d2fc5f68b"},"summary_title":"high-temperature colours"}}],"name":"Decoration","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106226","uid":"adlib-term-106226","uuid":"194567f2-2bcd-3446-ae31-652386611815"},"summary_title":"painting"}}]}],"content":{"motifs":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-102639","uid":"adlib-term-102639","uuid":"2c240716-c1bb-36c4-9594-b0a98f1208c2"},"summary_title":"allegory"}]},"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Maiolica dish, painted in polychrome with A Political Allegory."},{"value":"Buff earthenware, tin-glazed overall; the reverse greyish and tinged with green. Painted in blue, green, turquoise, yellow, orange, stone, brown, manganese-purple, black, and white.\nShape 57. Circular with a wide, slightly sloping rim and small, deep well; the underside of the rim moulded with three bands of reeding.\nA Political Allegory. A man in armour all'antica holding a trident stands on the left accompanied by a horse and a cock. On the right, a nude man with a billowing cloak is poised to make a blow with a curved sword held in his right hand. In the foreground there is a pebbly path and grass; on the right, rocks and a tree; and in the background, a river running past fortifications towards distant mountains. The edge is yellow. The back is inscribed in the middle in dark blue: `fuggi spagna: Marcho\/et francia.\/nota y' (flee Spain: Mark and France. take note y)."}],"exhibitions":[{"@link":{"catalogue":"no catalogue","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"exhibition-1605","uid":"adlib-exhibition-1605","uuid":"04d3c358-0bef-3d8f-8df5-14f16987ac1b"},"summary_title":"Italian Maiolica in the Fitzwilliam Museum"},{"@link":{"catalogue":"33","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"exhibition-1952","uid":"adlib-exhibition-1952","uuid":"82f70ee8-9b4e-30cf-8868-e605626a3991"},"summary_title":"Xanto: Pottery-Painter, Poet, Man of the Renaissance"}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"C.14-1953","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"C.14-1953"},{"priref":"71966","type":"priref","value":"71966"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/71966","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/71966"}],"inscription":[{"location":"on the base","method":"painted in dark blue","transcription":[{"value":"fuggi spagna: Marcho\/et francia.\/nota y'"}],"type":"inscription"},{"description":[{"value":"rectangular with red printed border"}],"location":"on back","method":"inscribed in blue-black ink","transcription":[{"value":"Harris collection\/Borenius Catalogue\/ No.42\/Illustrated\/Probably Xanto"}],"type":"label"},{"description":[{"value":"rectangular"}],"location":"on back","method":"typed and in pencil","transcription":[{"value":"'typed `painted by Xanto. \"Spagnia e Francia\". The edge\/damaged.\/From the collection of the late Henry Harris.' and in pencil `8'"}],"type":"label"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"M.L. 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Apart from his distinctive style, Xanto's work is remarkable in several ways. \n\nMost maiolica painters derived their designs from prints or book illustrations, but Xanto carried their use beyond ingenuity to repetitiousness. His deployment of a now well-defined group of prints as 'figure banks' from which to construct scenes resulted in wide variations in the quality of his work. Many of his compositions are highly successful, but others are extremely awkward with little relationship between the figures. The figures on this dish were taken from two prints of the 'Massacre of the Innocents': the nude man whielding the sword from the engraving by Marcantonio Raimondi after Raphael (Bartsch XIV, p. 19, no. 18; Illustrated Bartsch, 26, 1978, p. 33, no. 21), and the man with the trident from the version by Marco Dente after Baccio Bandinelli (Bartsch XIV, p. 24, no. 21; Illustrated Bartsch, 26, 1978,  p. 33, no. 21).\n\nHis obsession with the dramatic and terrible political events of the late 1520s and early 1530s, singles him out from his contemporaries. Many of this dishes are decorated with political allegories with pro-imperial, anti-papal, or anti-Medicean themes connected with the Sack of Rome in 1527, and some have a violent, sadistic quality which is entirely absent from the work of other maiolica painters.Interest has necessarily centred on the interpretation of these thems and what they reveal about Xanto. It may never be known whether his patrons (or perhaps more correctly, his employer's patrons) ordered these political subjects, or whether Xanto included them at his own discretion in services or sets of mythological, historical, or religious subjects, such as the Three Crescents service, and  the Pucci service (See C.10-1953 and C.11-1953).\n\nXanto appears to have been more highly educated than the other maiolica painters in Urbino, and displayed his erudition by inscribing both the title and the literary sources of his compositions on the verse of dishes. These mainly refer to translations of Latin works, or to poetry by Petrarch or Ariosto. He also signed his name or initials much more frequently than any other painter. In the late 1530s however, he became more casual, often using 'Xanto', 'X.X.A.R.' or just 'X'. The sign resembling a y or phi sign in Greek occurs on plates bearing his signature, and more rarely on ones with the signature of his associates, such as Giulio da Urbino. The sign often follows the word 'nota' as here, or 'historia' or 'fabula' painted, which date from about 1527 to 1530. Its meaning is unclear, but it seems to be used as an abbreviation instead of completing a citation."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120009","uid":"adlib-term-120009","uuid":"690a6332-cfc1-3411-a716-4dd4ec7d9a65"},"summary_title":"16th Century, second 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with broad rim"}],"note":[{"type":"history note","value":"Henry Harris; Sotheby's, 20 June 1950, Catalogue of fine Italian maiolica from the well-known collection of the late Henry Harris, Esq. . . ., lot 110; Alfred Spero; Marmaduke Langdale Horn (1889-1953)."}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. p. 47, no. 42 & pl. XIIIC","page":"p. 47","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3175","uid":"adlib-publication-3175","uuid":"ab8fd5be-66f6-3413-aa8c-217219863fd3"},"summary_title":"Catalogue of a Collection of Italian Maiolica belonging to Henry Harris"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3250","uid":"adlib-publication-3250","uuid":"778db093-e476-3c63-8643-45001a715beb"},"summary_title":"Catalogue of fine Italian maiolica from the well-known collection of the late Henry Harris, Esq. . . ."},{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. p. 105, no. 9","page":"p. 105","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200001100","uid":"adlib-publication-200001100","uuid":"076c3d97-1c59-3e4b-9075-5dbbc2b074a9"},"summary_title":"Xanto and \"F.R.\": an insoluble problem?"},{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. pp. 56-7, 59","page":"pp. 56-7","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3252","uid":"adlib-publication-3252","uuid":"64ee525b-7e75-31b8-ac6c-a05d47c249f3"},"summary_title":"Xanto e il duca di Urbino"},{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. pp. 322-6, no. 385; for the printed sources for the figures, see p. 324, fig. 21 and p. 325, fig. 22","page":"pp. 322-6","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3010","uid":"adlib-publication-3010","uuid":"e3e61863-a797-3051-8d0a-20288306ca36"},"summary_title":"Italian Maiolica and Incised Slipware in the Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. The author discusses two dishes in the British Museum, decorated with political allegories, one by Giulio da Urbino, (p. 32, fig. 35 and fig. 36), and the other by Xanto, (p. 33, fig. 37 and f8g. 38) , and a dish by Xanto, sold by Christie's New York, 13 January 1993, lot 23 (p. 35, fig. 40)","page":"31-41","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-200003250","uid":"adlib-publication-200003250","uuid":"d54323f9-639a-3f04-9a73-0eec6730a16f"},"summary_title":"'Take Note': The Construction of Political Allegories of the Sack of Rome (1527) on Italian Renaissance Maiolica in the British Museum"}],"school_or_style":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-10618","uid":"adlib-term-10618","uuid":"9ebc0ae1-8cf8-312b-832c-9cf44da02136"},"summary_title":"Renaissance"}],"subjects":[{"@link":{"relation":"object name","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107509","uid":"adlib-term-107509","uuid":"ef97a65b-3202-3760-9a9b-5cc2b61bdfb3"},"summary_title":"trident"},{"@link":{"relation":"object name","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-42208","uid":"adlib-term-42208","uuid":"56bdf465-22ee-3b51-a8c4-fe4a29b1ca93"},"summary_title":"sword"},{"@link":{"relation":"animal","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-78765","uid":"adlib-term-78765","uuid":"46e462e7-1543-3aaa-90c1-2562102b738f"},"summary_title":"horse (animal)"},{"@link":{"relation":"animal","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106539","uid":"adlib-term-106539","uuid":"0ae22b27-5710-301a-8fb3-987d12c7afe4"},"summary_title":"cock"},{"@link":{"relation":"plant","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-58471","uid":"adlib-term-58471","uuid":"ce00216e-da4e-37b3-974c-c2b6377d6c19"},"summary_title":"tree"},{"@link":{"relation":"place type","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106275","uid":"adlib-term-106275","uuid":"a1bd9046-a422-36ac-a493-60fa7c7f7e91"},"summary_title":"landscape"},{"@link":{"relation":"place type","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-30336","uid":"adlib-term-30336","uuid":"5ad01f09-b031-3d7c-a10e-5298406ca3b5"},"summary_title":"rocks"},{"@link":{"relation":"place type","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-58034","uid":"adlib-term-58034","uuid":"2aea626f-1d1c-37e2-af92-c85d647d4ee9"},"summary_title":"river"},{"@link":{"relation":"place type","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-58400","uid":"adlib-term-58400","uuid":"d1dd2737-2f36-38e3-8edc-5e486d6d8ac5"},"summary_title":"mountains"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"trident"}],"summary_title":"trident"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"sword"}],"summary_title":"sword"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"horse (animal)"}],"summary_title":"horse (animal)"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"cock"}],"summary_title":"cock"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"tree"}],"summary_title":"tree"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"landscape"}],"summary_title":"landscape"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"rocks"}],"summary_title":"rocks"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"river"}],"summary_title":"river"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"mountains"}],"summary_title":"mountains"}],"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-90855","uid":"adlib-term-90855","uuid":"b48207ec-774d-3e3e-8ab3-536996bc5dac"},"summary_title":"dish"}},"summary_title":"dish","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"Buff earthenware, tin-glazed overall; the reverse greyish and tinged with green. 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See\/Victoria & Albert Museum\/1748-1855 (Plate 38 Maiolica)\/The Central Group is reversed\/Both dated 1533"}],"type":"label"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"M.L. 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Woodward; Henry Harris; Sotheby's, 20 June 1950, Catalogue of fine Italian maiolica from the well-known collection of the late Henry Harris, Esq. . . ., lot 117; Marmaduke Langdale Horn (1890-1953)."}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. p. 20, no. 119","page":"p. 20","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3043","uid":"adlib-publication-3043","uuid":"a5c54200-d7aa-3b40-8860-dddffa64c6cd"},"summary_title":"Catalogue of Italian Majolica and other Pottery at 8 Cadogan Square"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3234","uid":"adlib-publication-3234","uuid":"85af1f74-585b-30ab-9cd3-a2720662c75c"},"summary_title":"Catalogue of an important collection of objects of art of the Middle Ages and Renaissance, the property of Humphrey W. Cook, Esq., and removed from 8 Cadogan Square, S.W., ... collection ... of the late Sir Francis Cook, Bart., 7-10 July 1925"},{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. pp. 32-3, no. 39 & pl. XII, reverse pl. XIII","page":"pp. 32-3","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3249","uid":"adlib-publication-3249","uuid":"3f3c03b5-3d6f-39d5-890e-885275bdee1b"},"summary_title":"Catalogue of a Collection of Pottery belonging to W.H. 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Thisbe was adapted from a woman on the extreme right of the Contest between the Muses and the Pierides by G. G. Caraglio after Rosso Fiorentino.  The figure was reversed and a raised arm added. Pyramus was probably derived from the fallen warrior in the foreground of the Battle of the Romans and Carthaginians by Marco Dente da Ravenna after Raphael or Giulio Romano.  Cupid is a reversed version of one to the right of centre in the Dance of Cupids, by Marcantonio Raimondi after Raphael. 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