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Glaisher"}],"component":[{"materials":[{"note":[{"value":"brown"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-31513","uid":"adlib-term-31513","uuid":"c0e8a43e-df55-389d-aded-2563c653ed12"},"summary_title":"wash"}}],"name":"Neck And Top Of Hand"},{"materials":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-32652","uid":"adlib-term-32652","uuid":"82d8ae3b-f165-395c-ba93-dfa1c282b7be"},"summary_title":"glaze"}}],"name":"Inside And Neck"},{"name":"Dcoration","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-148323","uid":"adlib-term-148323","uuid":"9b5ad405-9b9f-3ab5-9b26-6f32173040eb"},"summary_title":"engine-turning"}}]},{"name":"Decoration","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120075","uid":"adlib-term-120075","uuid":"52ab8602-9259-3aac-b4df-b2392a4d206c"},"summary_title":"turning"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120129","uid":"adlib-term-120129","uuid":"a45642f3-9302-308f-b788-bda050bd2509"},"summary_title":"sprigging"}}]},{"name":"Inside, Neck, Handle","techniques":[{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-122641","uid":"adlib-term-122641","uuid":"d5fb75d8-097d-3fd7-8e70-87e9d96d77f7"},"summary_title":"glazing"}}]}],"content":{"motifs":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-132866","uid":"adlib-term-132866","uuid":"9478bea1-1fba-3570-a8de-1dbc59f6441f"},"summary_title":"rural scene"}]},"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Dry-bodied white stoneware decorated with applied sprigs of trees, and of a group of huntsmen, horses and hounds outside an inn, and with brown wash on the neck and handle;  silver mount."},{"value":"Dry-bodied white stoneware with glazed interior, turned neck beneath glazed brown wash, the lower part engine-turned, and the sides decorated with moulded and applied sprigs. The jug has an ovoid body, a cylindrical neck with pulled lip, and an angular applied handle with a pseudo-strap fastening it to the neck, and a large serrated leaf terminal where the lower end joins the body. The lower part is engine-turned with bamboo flutes with two raised horizontal bands at the top, above which, on the front below the lip,  is a large sprig of three huntsmen, a maid servant, two horses, and two hounds standing beside a tree with an inn sign suspended from it. One huntsman holds up a mug as if raising a toast. On the viewer's left, is a tree with a stump beside it, and on the right a tree with more abundant foliage at the top, and more at its base.  The neck is encircled by a silver mount which has a raised horizontal line half-way up. The underside is very slightly recessed and bears the impressed mark 'TURNER'."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"C.1264-1928","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"C.1264-1928"},{"priref":"71690","type":"priref","value":"71690"},{"source":"Glaisher MS Catalogue, vol. 14","type":"old object number","value":"3340"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/71690","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/71690"}],"inscription":[{"location":"underside of base","method":"impressed","transcription":[{"value":"TURNER"}],"type":"mark"},{"location":"outside of silver rim","method":"struck","transcription":[{"value":"IT"}],"type":"mark"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Dr. J.W.L. 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L., Dr"}],"date":[{"earliest":1928,"latest":1928,"value":"1928-12-07"}],"method":{"value":"bequeathed"},"note":[{"value":"the Glaisher ceramic collection was entered in the accession register as one item with the date of Dr Glaisher's death"}]}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1784,"from":{"earliest":1784,"era":["CE"],"latest":1784,"precision":"circa","value":"1784"},"latest":1804,"note":[{"value":"Rob Fountain (Sydney, Australia) advised that the date range was probably between 1783 and 1804, as the earliest silver date mark he had found on a jug with the Huntsmen outside an Inn sprig was 1784."}],"range":true,"to":{"earliest":1804,"era":["CE"],"latest":1804,"precision":"circa","value":"1804"}}],"maker":[{"@link":{"qualifier":"probably","role":[{"value":"factory"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-190702","uid":"adlib-agent-190702","uuid":"15c78f04-e68d-3991-99d3-031086d09642"},"summary_title":"William & John Turner"},{"@link":{"role":[{"value":"factory"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-190576","uid":"adlib-agent-190576","uuid":"5e5b1f3f-7ffa-3b28-aa5b-28d3050d2558"},"summary_title":"Turner and Abbott"},{"@link":{"qualifier":"possibly","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-192107","uid":"adlib-agent-192107","uuid":"672ef2ba-90ab-3930-9e66-9299ccd4059b"},"summary_title":"Turners, Abbott and Newbury"},{"@link":{"qualifier":"possibly","role":[{"value":"silversmith"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-190719","uid":"adlib-agent-190719","uuid":"3ee47b33-77a9-3279-a34b-f00213cb512e"},"summary_title":"Tibbitts, J"}],"note":[{"value":"Stoneware jugs were a common domestic item, used for water, beer milk and other liquids which might now be kept in bottles, cans or plastic jars. In the 1780s, the Turners introduced jugs and mugs like this example, with ribbed, brown-glazed necks and sharply modelled sprigs - designs formed in small plaster, clay or brass moulds and applied to leather hard clay. The jugs were made with and without a silver mount, and sometimes with a hinged lid.The style was soon imitated by other businesses, and other businesses, notably Adams and Spode, are known to have bought up moulds in the 1806 Turner bankrupcy sale. From around the mid 1820s, however, such jugs were more often made in two-piece relief moulds. There are several examples in the Fitzwilliam Collection."},{"value":"The Turner factory was founded  in Stoke about 1760 by John Turner and was initially known as Turner & Banks. In 1762 Turner moved to Lane End, Longton, and from 1762 to 1781 John Turner was the sole proprietor. From 1781 to 1787 it was known as Turner and Abbot. John Turner died in 1787 and was succeeded by his two sons, William and John. The firm was known as Turners, Abbott & Newbury from 1788 to 1792, and  from 1792 to 1803 as William and John Turner. From 1803 until their bankruptcy in 1806 the firm continued as Turner(s), Glover & Simpson. The Turners ran various smaller potworks until 1829. John Turner died in 1824, and William in 1835. During the 1780s and 1790s the brothers experimented widely and their firm became one of the largest manufacturers of dry-bodied stoneware, making jasper, white stoneware and caneware, including a range of lidded pie dishes which mimic pastry in the shape of pies or animals (see C.29-2013)."},{"value":"The mark on the silver mount may be that registered by a Sheffield silversmith , J.Tibbitts, in 1778. This earliest known silver date mark on the mount on the rim of a jug with the' Huntsmen at the Inn' sprig is 1784 However, although this jug could be as early as 1784, it was probably made some years later up to 1804."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107437","uid":"adlib-term-107437","uuid":"96f4b0d1-fc11-39ff-ae91-1b23d888d479"},"summary_title":"George III"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106779","uid":"adlib-term-106779","uuid":"f0706fcd-d94c-3987-bcb5-f7f794332b6a"},"summary_title":"18th Century, 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Lot contained two jugs for \u00a31.12; Dr Glaisher considered this jug cost 16 shillings."}],"objects":[{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-76944","uid":"adlib-object-76944","uuid":"7d1a7f82-520e-3625-9f8b-7066a36c321d"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-130060","uid":"adlib-term-130060","uuid":"4caff24c-d6df-3450-8c13-799476286cf0"},"summary_title":"tea set"}},"summary_title":"tea set"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-197430","uid":"adlib-object-197430","uuid":"f041664e-f491-34e0-a197-9f5afe1af593"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-90931","uid":"adlib-term-90931","uuid":"c167eea7-b6f5-3036-8951-c3bbd7e0aa94"},"summary_title":"tureen"}},"summary_title":"tureen"},{"@link":{"cascade":true,"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"object-76245","uid":"adlib-object-76245","uuid":"6f2b9ba4-62f7-3b2d-ac13-4c86c4562541"},"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"impact":true,"type":"reference","workflow":true},"admin":{"id":"term-89400","uid":"adlib-term-89400","uuid":"194f8c99-93e1-30de-9465-9209222dafaa"},"summary_title":"jug"}},"summary_title":"jug"}],"owners":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"publications":[{"@link":{"notes":"Publ. 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Notes Turner's modellers produced a range of English rural scenes, and purchase of sprig moulds by Adams and Spode.","page":"17-19","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3520","uid":"adlib-publication-3520","uuid":"6d6a19c3-c8e3-3659-a74b-00bfa03e2261"},"summary_title":"Master Potters of the Industrial Revolution, The Turners of Lane End"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf.Fig.330, a very similar jug, though with different sprigs, mount dated 1790; and other examples in a similar style, one lidded (1790-1800). 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The reliefs on this example have been identified as 'Sportive Love', 'Cupids with Torches', 'Jove with an Eagle', and 'The Power of Love'. All four are commonly found on wares by Chetham and Woolley,  and the engine turning pattern around the lower part is also typically found on their products. Thus, although unmarked, the basin was probably made by Chetham and Woolley, of Commerce Street, Longton, Staffordshire. The factory, in the Lane End district of Longton, was close to that run by John and William Turner, later Turner, Glover & Simpson. The presence of similar reliefs on Turner wares suggests that the sprigs might have been bought in the Turner bancrupcy sale in 1806."},{"value":"James Chetham and Richard Woolley  are credited with introducing this type of fine-grained, semi-translucent feldspathic stoneware, c.1795, and became a significant producer of teawares, jugs and vases  in this new material. The business was continued by James Chetham\u2019s widow Ann Chetham from 1809-1814, and then under various family ownership until 1871."},{"value":"This basin is in the style of white felspathic \u2018Castleford-type\u2019 teawares,  named for the Castleford Pottery in Yorkshire run by David Dunderdale & Co. from 1790 to 1821, though other factories made similar wares.  Typically plain white or white with edges lined in blue or another colour, or black basalt, the smear-glazing makes the most of the crisply-moulded ornament, whilst the stoneware would be durable in an everyday setting. 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Plate 134, relief of classical figure and bird on coloured ground","page":"60- 64, 68. Cf. Plates 76, 85a, 119","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-7220","uid":"adlib-publication-7220","uuid":"df5e4bf1-0360-3f7b-8615-e77e0d5a0b7f"},"summary_title":"Chetham & Woolley Stonewares 1793-1821"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-7682","uid":"adlib-publication-7682","uuid":"8a638e20-06b2-33d6-8048-6f5fe3d27037"},"summary_title":"Castleford Pottery 1790-1821"},{"@link":{"notes":"Ref. The reliefs on this bowl occur on Turner and other white stonewares, pp. 112-118, p. 114, no. 211, an unmarked teapot attributed to Cheetham & Woolley has 'Sportive Love', no. 212 a vase marked 'TURNER' has 'The Power of Love' and 'Cupids with Torches', p. 118, no. 229, a mustard pot marked for the retailer J. Mist, has 'The Power of Love', 'Sportive Love', and 'Cupid's with Torches'.","page":"pp. 112-118","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-3469","uid":"adlib-publication-3469","uuid":"79a9ce61-a1ca-3604-be7e-8e9e8be3a5fb"},"summary_title":"Stoneware & Stone Chinas of Northern England to 1851"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. No.39, a teapot from a similar line of tea ware, attributed to Sowter & Co, Mexborough, c.1800-11, with colour illustration.","page":"88","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1030","uid":"adlib-publication-1030","uuid":"9cf77d50-a614-3947-8d0e-919f695fe7b0"},"summary_title":"Fitzwilliam Museum Handbooks, English Pottery"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. 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Decorated on one side with Galatea or Venus standing in a shell chariot drawn by dolphins and accompanied by Cupid on a dolphin, and on the other, with a nymph and Cupid on an eagle."},{"value":"White jasper ware with relief decoration in blue and black standing on a polished black jasper base. Tapering oval body with short neck and two upward scroll handles, fluted and with leafage at junction with the body; separately moulded slender stem spreading to circular foot set on octagonal base and attached to the body with a central bolt; domed cover with cone-shaped finial. The main field is decorated with a blue relief on each side: in one, Galatea (or Venus) stands in a shell drawn over the sea by two dolphins and accompanied by Cupid on a dolphin, a butterfly and a dragonfly; the other has a nymph in billowing drapery and Cupid on an eagle,  above the clouds. Below there is a band of black guilloche and blue stiff leaves rising from a band of black beading at the junction of the stem and body; above there is a band of black Greek key pattern and on the shoulder, blue flower heads. The neck is decorated with blue leaves and black beadwork and the foot with black flower heads and blue acanthus-like leaves. The cover is decorated with blue stiff leaves radiating from blue beading, and the finial with black stiff leaves."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"C.10 & A-1986","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"C.10 & A-1986"},{"priref":"71113","type":"priref","value":"71113"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/71113","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/71113"}],"inscription":[{"location":"on base","method":"impressed","transcription":[{"value":"3\/TURNER"}],"type":"mark"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-164806","uid":"adlib-agent-164806","uuid":"32ad1dba-2b4e-3170-bad1-91ce6cb808a1"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Purchased with the Rylands Fund."},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-160994","uid":"adlib-agent-160994","uuid":"ed68e984-e438-3038-b70b-063bffd36036"},"summary_title":"Williams, Winifred"}],"date":[{"earliest":1986,"latest":1986,"value":"1986-07-28"}],"method":{"value":"bought"}}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1785,"from":{"earliest":1785,"era":["CE"],"latest":1785,"precision":"circa","value":"1785"},"latest":1795,"range":true,"to":{"earliest":1795,"era":["CE"],"latest":1795,"value":"1795"}}],"maker":[{"@link":{"qualifier":"possibly","role":[{"value":"factory"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-190576","uid":"adlib-agent-190576","uuid":"5e5b1f3f-7ffa-3b28-aa5b-28d3050d2558"},"summary_title":"Turner and Abbott"},{"@link":{"qualifier":"possibly","role":[{"value":"factory"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-190702","uid":"adlib-agent-190702","uuid":"15c78f04-e68d-3991-99d3-031086d09642"},"summary_title":"William & John Turner"}],"note":[{"value":"Jasper, an unglazed fine stoneware with an impervious surface sheen, was introduced by Wedgwood in the mid 1770s and  John Turner was the first to produce his own version (see Hillier). As on this vase, the jasper body was often decorated with sprigs - designs formed in small plaster, clay or brass moulds and applied when the clay was leather hard. The Turners were known for their sharply modelled sprigging and other leading businesses such as Adams and Spode are known to have bought up sprig moulds in the 1806 bankrupcy sale."},{"value":"The Turner family business ran for some seventy years from c.1760, mainly at Lane End, Longton. Started by John Turner  (1738-1787), it passed on his death to his sons William and John from 1792-1803. In 1804 John Turner retired and the firm continued as Turner(s), Glover & Simpson until bankruptcy in 1806. William Turner continued potting elsewhere until 1829. 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The tureen is moulded in the shape of a trussed and roasted fowl or game bird, breast upwards, with upturned feet and head tucked under one wing and egg-shaped cover fitting into breast. There is a relief moulded parsley garnish around the junction of the cover and body; three moulded bay leaves which form a handle for the cover. Faint reddish-brown staining suggests roasting on parts of the upper surface. The interior is glazed. The underside is very slightly concave, with a narrow foot-rim."}],"exhibitions":[{"@link":{"catalogue":"161","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"exhibition-3305","uid":"adlib-exhibition-3305","uuid":"534a3247-91a9-398f-abe9-7b419586f568"},"summary_title":"Feast and Fast: The Art of Food in Europe (1500-1800)"}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"C.29 & A-2013","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"C.29 & A-2013"},{"priref":"197430","type":"priref","value":"197430"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/197430","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/197430"}],"inscription":[{"location":"on base","method":"impressed, small","transcription":[{"value":"TURNER"}],"type":"factory mark"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Purchased with gifts from Cambridge Antiques Society and the Friends of the Fitzwilliam Museum"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149932","uid":"adlib-agent-149932","uuid":"86dcd948-71e5-311d-99f3-33ae36f683d5"},"summary_title":"Christie's"}],"date":[{"earliest":2013,"latest":2013,"value":"2013-10-14"}],"method":{"value":"bought"}}],"creation":[{"date":[{"earliest":1800,"era":["CE"],"latest":1800,"note":[{"value":"[not dated, but social circumstances at this time indicate c.1800 the most likely date; other examples dated c.1780-c.1820]"}],"precision":"circa","value":"1800"}],"maker":[{"@link":{"role":[{"value":"pottery"}],"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-161271","uid":"adlib-agent-161271","uuid":"5a7ea634-41ca-32b8-a21e-b348f103e716"},"summary_title":"John and William Turner"}],"note":[{"value":"Flour was in short supply in the early years of the 19th Century. The Royal Household forbade the use  of flour for pastry; the Staffordshire Advertiser of 3 May 1800 records rioters seizing potatoes and flour at Lane End; and potters such as Turner and Wedgwood responded by making dishes to represent pie crust. This trussed chicken, turkey or pheasant roast was probably made at around that time, to hold the contents of a poultry or game pie. Several examples survive and, according to legend, the Turners \u2018made a nine-days wonder for the countryside\u2019 when they exhibited a series of \u2018country roasts\u2019, including beef, mutton, goose and turkey, at a local inn. (see Hillier, 19)."},{"value":"In 1792, William and John Turner took over the pottery business started by their father, as Turner & Banks in the 1760s. From 1803 they continued the family business as Turner(s), Glover & Simpson until bankrupcy in 1806, and thereafter with various smaller potworks until 1829. They experimented widely and became one of the largest manufacturers of dry-bodied stoneware, making jasper, white stoneware and caneware and specialising in a range of lidded pie dishes which mimic pastry in the shape of pies or animals."},{"value":"Label text from the exhibition \u2018Feast and Fast: The Art of Food in Europe, 1500\u20131800\u2019, on display at The Fitzwilliam Museum from 26 November 2019 until 31 August 2020: In the late 1790s flour was in short supply and the Royal Household forbade its use for pastry. Potters such as Turner and Wedgwood responded by making stoneware dishes to mimic pie crust, and hence why it was known as \u2018pastry ware\u2019. This tureen was made to hold the contents of a poultry or game pie, despite being shaped as a trussed and roasted capon. Its wings and thighs show the holes left when the skewers were removed prior to carving, and its reddish-brown colour suggests roasting."},{"value":"There is a similarly moulded, marked, tureen in the V & A collection (C. 2512&A-1901). Liverpool Museums hold an unmarked version with some enamel decoration (green herbs, brown beak, eyes and claws) and also a marked Turner tureen in the shape of a suckling pig (M1598, M759)."},{"value":"This tureen was previously owned by the architect Sir Albert Richardson, elected President of the Royal Academy 1954; it was much admired by Queen Mary during a royal visit to his Bedforshire home in 1934."}],"periods":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-106779","uid":"adlib-term-106779","uuid":"f0706fcd-d94c-3987-bcb5-f7f794332b6a"},"summary_title":"18th Century, Late"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-107437","uid":"adlib-term-107437","uuid":"96f4b0d1-fc11-39ff-ae91-1b23d888d479"},"summary_title":"George 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