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But the design may be earlier : similar scrolling foliage is found on a ceramic jar produced by Morris in the early 1860s, which is thought to be designed by De Morgan. The tile is unusually small \u2013 De Morgan usually worked on 6x6 inch blanks (or sometimes 4-12 ins. \u2013 see Gaunt) \u2013 and the pattern appears to have been cut down from a four inch version, now in the V&A collection. However, the Fitzwilliam holds another, similarly coloured, three inch tile, which is marked \u2018Merton Abbey\u2019; possibly these were  test pieces or samples.  A similar four inch tile, also in green, is illustrated in a Morris & Co broadsheet offering \u2018painted tiles for stoves, hearths, walls etc\u2019; the tile price is two shillings. The design continues to appear on later tiles, often quartered with a flower, but in more stylised form. 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Pair of jars, c.1861-65, one of which has a similar scrolling leaf design, thought to be designed by De Morgan, and sold by Morris & Co.","page":"33","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-7538","uid":"adlib-publication-7538","uuid":"f410dd65-bde3-3842-8763-9af736da3b88"},"summary_title":"Morris & Company: Stained glass windows, painted tiles & ceramics, printed papers & chintzes, woven fabrics and tapestries, carpets and embroideries, from the collection of Sanford & Helen Berger, exh cat. Stanford Art Gallery, Stanford University, 4 March \u2013 4 May 1975. Stanford Art Book 15."}],"school_or_style":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-12611","uid":"adlib-term-12611","uuid":"834b65f7-cfad-3dec-bca8-253a9e8b4281"},"summary_title":"Arts and Crafts (movement)"}],"subjects":[{"@link":{"relation":"plant","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-30746","uid":"adlib-term-30746","uuid":"c9b49335-33a0-3ee8-b9d3-3f1f3abc5414"},"summary_title":"foliage"},{"@link":{"type":"literal"},"name":[{"value":"foliage"}],"summary_title":"foliage"}],"summary":{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-30982","uid":"adlib-term-30982","uuid":"952a2227-ce0e-31a3-a0d9-40085991be5b"},"summary_title":"tile"}},"summary_title":"tile","techniques":[{"description":[{"value":"earthenware, slip-coated, painted from a pricked design and glazed."}],"note":[{"value":"white"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120058","uid":"adlib-term-120058","uuid":"9e43c4bc-1f48-3a76-b4ea-7075449f5add"},"summary_title":"slip-coating"}}],"title":[{"value":"Tile with scrolling fern design"}],"type":{"base":"object","type":"OBJECT"}}},{"_index":"ciim","_type":"data","_id":"adlib-object-15364","_score":17.088346,"_source":{"admin":{"added":1592984171000,"created":1312637261000,"flag":"Standard Record","id":"object-15364","indexed":1754645094388,"modified":1714464860000,"processed":1754645091954,"source":"adlib","stream":"fitz-online","uid":"adlib-object-15364","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/15364","uuid":"8b124347-452e-313e-9521-e282dbaa2408","version":6},"categories":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-42861","uid":"adlib-term-42861","uuid":"5b368285-f1a8-3dcf-a5b2-637fd3c3956c"},"summary_title":"earthenware"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-110727","uid":"adlib-term-110727","uuid":"ebeafa07-8aa4-35ee-93de-94d5a21e0274"},"summary_title":"lustreware"},{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-42688","uid":"adlib-term-42688","uuid":"4df03958-5ee6-3a50-ada9-491bb6445fdf"},"summary_title":"Art Pottery"}],"component":[{"name":"Decoration","techniques":[{"note":[{"value":"gold"}],"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120105","uid":"adlib-term-120105","uuid":"e33f30c5-7d7b-3ef5-8d75-ef724c7172c0"},"summary_title":"lustre-painting"}},{"reference":{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-120107","uid":"adlib-term-120107","uuid":"41cef908-33a1-3f0e-8b68-e48e1740d37f"},"summary_title":"trace-transferring"}}]}],"content":{"motifs":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"term-115","uid":"adlib-term-115","uuid":"94d65983-dea2-361b-b187-a968c98ab1d8"},"summary_title":"Nature"}]},"department":{"value":"Applied Arts"},"description":[{"value":"Relief moulded earthenware tile, thinly coated in ochre-tinged slip, painted in under-glaze blue, glazed and lustred. 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Other examples of the tile with the design in relief have been identified from the period between 1888-1898, when he worked in partnership with the architect Halsey Ricardo, at Sands End, Fulham. The mark on this tile indicates that it dates from 1898, so it may also have been made there, or during De Morgan\u2019s subsequent partnership with his kiln-master Frank Iles and the brothers Charles and Fred Passenger (1898-1907). Ricardo (1854-1928) was particularly interested in the use of glazed materials on buildings, to resist the pollution of  19th century London; he also made a number of designs for relief tiles, so may have had a hand in producing this design in relief. Some 820 De Morgan tile designs, including a few by Ricardo, are in the V&A collection, which also holds a version of this tile with a thinly-painted blue background and raised green lions."},{"value":"Victoria and Albert Museum:  E.1074-1917, box C.145, numbered 174 (drawing in blue);  C.221-1976 (tile)."},{"value":"William Frend De Morgan (1839-1917), now widely regarded as the most important ceramicist of the Arts & Crafts movement, also worked in stained glass and became a successful novelist. The son of a non-conformist mathematics professor, he became a close friend of William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones and married the Pre-Raphaelite painter Evelyn Pickering (1855-1919), in 1887. As a ceramicist, De Morgan was primarily a designer\/decorator and chemist, working on bought-in blanks or pots thrown to his design. 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A leaping fantasy beast faces right; five feathers or horns rise from its head, like a crown. Above left is a palm-like tree, with other stylised foliage filling spaces across the surface. The whole surface is glazed and most is painted with ruby lustre; but parts of the raised surface have been left unpainted, giving buff highlights to the tree and crown and accentuating the modelling of the beast, and the raised surface has been further decorated with a darker tone of ruby lustre. There are some white glaze drips on the top and left sides, otherwise the sides and reverse are unglazed."}],"identifier":[{"accession_number":"EC.6-1941","primary":true,"type":"accession number","value":"EC.6-1941"},{"priref":"15320","type":"priref","value":"15320"},{"type":"uri","uri":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/15320","value":"https:\/\/data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk\/id\/object\/15320"}],"inscription":[{"description":[{"value":"large, circular rosette mark"}],"location":"on the back","method":"impressed","transcription":[{"value":"SANDS END POTTERY - FULHAM - WM.DE MORGAN & CO."}],"type":"mark"},{"method":"circular paper label inscribed in black ink","transcription":[{"value":"1941 \/ 6"}],"type":"label"}],"institutions":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-149638","uid":"adlib-agent-149638","uuid":"7376d833-d0a7-3be0-916e-9c892b7a24d8"},"summary_title":"The Fitzwilliam Museum"}],"legal":{"credit_line":"Given by Mr H C Mossop, 1941"},"lifecycle":{"acquisition":[{"agents":[{"@link":{"type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"agent-166328","uid":"adlib-agent-166328","uuid":"68af14cb-72da-3914-890f-0732c666a00c"},"summary_title":"Mossop, H. 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The son of a non-conformist mathematics professor, he became a close friend of William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones and married the Pre-Raphaelite painter Evelyn Pickering (1855-1919), in 1887. As a ceramicist, De Morgan was primarily a designer\/decorator and chemist, working on bought-in blanks or pots thrown to his design. He experimented widely with techniques and glazes, re-discovering methods for making and applying lustres and the colours of  Iznik and Persian pottery and using them for a range of complex fantasy designs featuring ships, birds, flora and animals. This design dates from 1888-1898, when he worked in partnership with the architect Halsey Ricardo, at Sands End Fulham. Ricardo (1854-1928) was particularly interested in the use of glazed materials on buildings, to resist the pollution of  19th century London. He made a number of designs for tiles and tile panels made by De Morgan, including several which were moulded in high relief, probably including this design (sometimes produced in gold lustre or ruby lustre on white ground and\/or facing left). As the tile is large and has no horizontal or vertical repeat, it may have been made for display in a frame. 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A very similar ruby lustre tile illustrated p.71, Plate 39 (Ian Craig collection). Notes this design was also found in dark green and yellow. For mark, p. 166 fig. k; for details of tile decorating method, p. 22; for Halsey Ricardo\u2019s contribution to design, p.36.","page":"pp. 22,36, 71,166","type":"reference"},"admin":{"id":"publication-1511","uid":"adlib-publication-1511","uuid":"dc57bb55-658d-3890-840f-f0d5036c88ef"},"summary_title":"William De Morgan"},{"@link":{"notes":"Cf. Plate XIII a. Two very similar relief animal design tiles, one facing left and the other right, painted in red lustre on a white or cream ground. Fig. 261, a tile with design features similar to this, red lustre. All these \u2018probably\u2019 Halsey Ricardo\u2019s designs. 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However, it is possible the tile was made later, as most of his known relief tiles were made at Sands End, Fulham, in partnership with the architect Halsey Ricardo, from 1888-97. 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